Nursing Elites

1. A nurse should be cognizant that professional programs for specialty certification by the Board of Nursing accredited through the:

• A. Professional Regulation Commission
• B. Nursing Specialty Certification Council
• C. Association of Deans of Philippine Colleges of Nursing
• D. Philippine Nurse Association

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Patient safety and efficacy of care depend on actions rooted in established nursing protocols that consider both the immediate and long-term needs of the patient.

2. During the first 24 hours after the thermal injury, you should assess Sergio for:

• A. hypokalemia and hypernatremia
• B. hypokalemia and hyponatremia
• C. hyperkalemia and hyponatremia
• D. hyperkalemia and hypernatremia

Correct answer: D

Rationale: During the initial phase after a thermal injury, the major concern is the release of potassium due to cell damage, leading to hyperkalemia. Hypernatremia is not typically a primary concern in the immediate post-injury phase. Hyponatremia is less likely to occur initially after a burn injury. Therefore, the correct assessment for Sergio during the first 24 hours after the thermal injury would be hyperkalemia and hypernatremia.

3. You are a researcher testing out the effects of a new food molecule—MEGA—on bone health. In order to know if it actually travels to bone cells in the body, you first need to find out if it gets absorbed in the bloodstream. You eat a food containing MEGA, and you measure the molecule in your urine and feces. You only detect MEGA in the feces. Was MEGA absorbed?

• A. No—absorbed compounds show up in urine, not feces
• B. Yes—absorbed compounds show up in feces, not urine
• C.
• D.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: If MEGA was only detected in feces and not in urine, it was not absorbed into the bloodstream. Absorbed compounds typically appear in urine after processing by the body. The correct answer is A because the presence of a compound in feces indicates that it was not absorbed by the body and passed through the digestive system. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not align with the process of absorption and excretion in the body.

4. Which nursing diagnosis has nutritional implications?

• A. impaired dentition
• B. disruption of gas exchange
• C. self-esteem disturbance
• D. sleep pattern disturbance

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Impaired dentition affects a patient's ability to chew and consume a variety of foods, leading to potential nutritional deficiencies and malnutrition.

5. Which nutrient is most important for the prevention of osteoporosis?

• A. Vitamin A
• B. Iron
• C. Calcium
• D. Protein

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Calcium is the most important nutrient for bone health and the prevention of osteoporosis. Calcium plays a crucial role in maintaining bone density and strength. Vitamin A is important for vision and immune function but is not directly related to bone health. Iron is essential for oxygen transport in the blood, while protein is important for muscle growth and repair. However, in the context of preventing osteoporosis, calcium is the key nutrient.

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