Nursing Elites

1. You are caring for Conrad who has a brain tumor and increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP). Which intervention should you include in your plan to reduce ICP?

• A. Administer bowel softener
• B. Position Conrad with his head turned toward the side of the tumor
• C. Provide sensory stimulation
• D. Encourage coughing and deep breathing

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Effective nursing care involves comprehensive assessments that address all aspects of a patient's condition, ensuring that interventions are appropriately targeted and outcomes are optimized.

2. The principal cation in plasma and interstitial fluid is:

• A. Sodium
• B. Potassium
• C. Calcium
• D. Magnesium

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The principal cation in plasma and interstitial fluid is sodium. Sodium plays a crucial role in maintaining fluid balance and is the primary cation in extracellular fluids like plasma and interstitial fluid. Potassium is the primary cation within cells, not in extracellular fluids, making it an incorrect choice. Calcium and magnesium are essential minerals but are not the principal cations in plasma and interstitial fluid, so they are also incorrect choices.

3. Which of the following conditions is not caused by energy drinks?

• A. Nervousness
• B. Bradycardia
• C. Seizures
• D. Dental caries

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Energy drinks are known for causing a variety of health issues, including nervousness, seizures, and an increased risk of dental caries due to their high sugar content. However, they do not cause bradycardia, which is a slow heart rate. Instead, energy drinks are associated with causing an increased or rapid heart rate, known as tachycardia. Therefore, out of the listed options, bradycardia is the condition not caused by energy drinks.

4. Which food is the best source of omega-3 fatty acids?

• A. Chicken breast
• B. Salmon
• C. Almonds
• D. Eggs

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Salmon is high in omega-3 fatty acids, beneficial for cardiovascular health.

5. How is the stomach protected from damage by gastric acid?

• A. enzymes present in the stomach
• B. a protective bacteria in the stomach
• C. bicarbonate present in the stomach
• D. the mucus lining of the stomach

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. The stomach is protected from gastric acid by a thick mucus lining that acts as a physical barrier, preventing the acid from eroding the stomach walls. Enzymes in the stomach help with digestion but do not play a significant role in protecting the stomach from acid damage, so choice A is incorrect. While some bacteria in the stomach can be beneficial, they do not primarily protect the stomach from gastric acid, making choice B incorrect. Bicarbonate, a base, can neutralize acid, but it is not the primary defense mechanism against gastric acid in the stomach, so choice C is also incorrect.

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