Nursing Elites

1. Each statement is true of proteins, except one. Which is the exception?

• A. Proteins are composed of building blocks called amino acids
• B. The classification of the 20 common amino acids is based on the properties of their side chains
• C. The general structure of an amino acid varies considerably
• D. Amino acids polymerize to form long chains called polypeptides

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. The classification of the 20 common amino acids is not based on the properties of their side chains, but rather on the structure of their amino and carboxyl groups. These groups are consistent among all amino acids, while the side chains, also known as R groups, are what vary and give each amino acid its unique properties. Choice A is correct because proteins are indeed composed of amino acids. Choice C is incorrect because while the side chains of amino acids can vary, the general structure of an amino acid - a central carbon atom bonded to an amino group, a carboxyl group, a hydrogen atom, and a side chain - is consistent. Choice D is correct because amino acids do polymerize to form long chains called polypeptides, which can then fold into complex shapes to form proteins.

2. You will do nasopharyngeal suctioning on Mr. Abad. Your guide for the length of insertion of the tubing for an adult would be:

• A. tip of the nose to the base of the neck
• B. the distance from the tip of the nose to the middle of the neck
• C. the distance from the tip of the nose to the tip of the ear lobe
• D. eight to ten inches

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Understanding the underlying pathology and therapeutic techniques ensures that nursing care is not only reactive but also preventative, reducing the risk of complications.

3. Each statement is true of fat-soluble vitamins, except one. Which is the exception?

• A. Fairly stable to heat, such as during cooking
• B. Contain carbon
• C. Stored in the pancreas
• D. Absorbed in the intestine along with fats and lipids in food

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Fat-soluble vitamins are not stored in the pancreas; they are stored in the liver and fatty tissues. Choice A is correct as fat-soluble vitamins are fairly stable to heat. Choice B is also correct as fat-soluble vitamins contain carbon. Choice D is correct as fat-soluble vitamins are absorbed in the intestine along with fats and lipids in food.

4. If there is an accidental injury to the parathyroid gland during a thyroidectomy which of the following might Leda develop postoperatively?

• A. Cardiac arrest C. Respiratory failure
• B. Dyspnea D. Tetany
• C.
• D.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Effective nursing care involves comprehensive assessments that address all aspects of a patient's condition, ensuring that interventions are appropriately targeted and outcomes are optimized.

5. To prevent injury and strain on the muscles, the nurse should observe proper body mechanics. Among the following, which is a principle of proper body mechanics?

• A. Broaden the space between the feet
• B. Push instead of pull
• C. Move the object away from the body when lifting
• D. Bend at the waist, not on the knees

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.

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