Nursing Elites

1. Each statement is true of proteins, except one. Which is the exception?

• A. Proteins are composed of building blocks called amino acids
• B. The classification of the 20 common amino acids is based on the properties of their side chains
• C. The general structure of an amino acid varies considerably
• D. Amino acids polymerize to form long chains called polypeptides

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. The classification of the 20 common amino acids is not based on the properties of their side chains, but rather on the structure of their amino and carboxyl groups. These groups are consistent among all amino acids, while the side chains, also known as R groups, are what vary and give each amino acid its unique properties. Choice A is correct because proteins are indeed composed of amino acids. Choice C is incorrect because while the side chains of amino acids can vary, the general structure of an amino acid - a central carbon atom bonded to an amino group, a carboxyl group, a hydrogen atom, and a side chain - is consistent. Choice D is correct because amino acids do polymerize to form long chains called polypeptides, which can then fold into complex shapes to form proteins.

2. The IVP reveals that Fe has small renal calculus that can be passed out spontaneously. To increase the chance of passing the stones, you instructed her to force fluids and do which of the following?

• A. Balanced diet C. Strain all urine
• B. Ambulate more D. Bed rest
• C.
• D.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Understanding the underlying pathology and therapeutic techniques ensures that nursing care is not only reactive but also preventative, reducing the risk of complications.

3. Before and after the operation, the operating suite is managed by the:

• A. Surgeon C. Nurse Manager
• B. Nurse Supervisor D. Chief Nurse
• C.
• D.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Understanding the underlying pathology and therapeutic techniques ensures that nursing care is not only reactive but also preventative, reducing the risk of complications.

4. A paranoid client refuses to eat telling you that you poisoned his food. The best intervention to this client is:

• A. Taste the food in front of him and tell him that the food is not poisoned
• B. Offer other types of food until the client eats
• C. Simply state that the food is not poisoned
• D. Offer sealed foods

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Effective nursing care involves comprehensive assessments that address all aspects of a patient's condition, ensuring that interventions are appropriately targeted and outcomes are optimized.

5. Which neuromuscular disease is characterized by abnormal chewing and swallowing patterns, tremors of the mandible, lip, and tongue, frequent drooling, and holding food in the mouth for extended periods?

• A. Developmental disabilities
• B. Parkinson's disease
• C. Epilepsy
• D. Diabetes mellitus

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, Parkinson's disease. Parkinson's disease is characterized by abnormal chewing and swallowing patterns, tremors of the mandible, lip, and tongue, frequent drooling, and difficulties in oral functions like holding food in the mouth. Developmental disabilities (Choice A) do not specifically cause these symptoms related to neuromuscular function. Epilepsy (Choice C) is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures and does not typically present with the described symptoms. Diabetes mellitus (Choice D) is a metabolic disorder that affects blood sugar regulation and does not directly cause the neuromuscular symptoms mentioned in the question.

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