ATI RN
ATI RN Nutrition Online Practice 2019
1. During the first six months of lactation, a breastfeeding mother is advised to consume how many extra kcalories per day to meet energy needs?
- A. 250
- B. 330
- C. 400
- D. 470
Correct answer: B
Rationale: A breastfeeding mother is advised to consume an additional 330 kcalories per day during the first six months to support milk production and meet increased energy needs.
2. Which condition is most closely associated with a high rate of gastroesophageal reflux disease?
- A. Pregnancy
- B. Anorexia
- C. Hypertension
- D. Diabetes mellitus
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Pregnancy is the correct answer as it is most closely associated with a high rate of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). During pregnancy, the growing fetus exerts pressure on the stomach, leading to the backflow of stomach acid into the esophagus, causing GERD. This physiological change is a common occurrence in pregnant individuals. Conversely, anorexia, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus are not typically linked to a high rate of GERD. While these conditions have their own effects on the body, they do not directly contribute to the mechanisms that cause GERD, unlike the physical changes associated with pregnancy. Therefore, choices B, C, and D are incorrect.
3. Which of the following is a normal change observed in an elderly individual?
- A. Enhanced sense of taste
- B. Increased appetite
- C. Frequent urination
- D. Lens thinning
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, frequent urination. As people age, they may experience physiological changes that can lead to an increased frequency of urination. This is due to a decrease in bladder capacity and increased bladder irritability, which are normal age-related changes. On the contrary, the sense of taste (Choice A) and appetite (Choice B) often decrease with age, not increase. As for Choice D, the lens of the eye actually thickens with age, not thins, leading to conditions like presbyopia. Therefore, Choices A, B, and D are incorrect.
4. A nurse is teaching a client about preparing low-fat meals. The nurse should include that which of the following oils contains saturated fat?
- A. Corn
- B. Olive
- C. Canola
- D. Coconut
Correct answer: D: Coconut
Rationale: Coconut oil contains a high amount of saturated fat, which can increase LDL cholesterol levels and the risk of heart disease. Olive, corn, and canola oils are primarily unsaturated fats, which are considered heart-healthy fats. Olive oil, in particular, is rich in monounsaturated fats, while corn and canola oils are good sources of polyunsaturated fats. Therefore, the correct answer is Coconut because it contains saturated fat, unlike the other options.
5. How many diet-related major risk factors for coronary heart disease does Mrs. Winslow have?
- A. 1
- B. 4
- C. 2
- D. 3
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Mrs. Winslow has four major diet-related risk factors for coronary heart disease: high total cholesterol, high LDL cholesterol, high triglycerides, and low HDL cholesterol. Choice A is incorrect because there are more than one risk factor present. Choices C and D are incorrect as they do not account for the total number of diet-related major risk factors identified.