Nursing Elites

1. Digestible carbs are absorbed as ___ through the small intestinal wall and are delivered to the liver, which releases ___ into the bloodstream.

• A. glucose
• B. monosaccharides
• C. galactose
• D. disaccharides

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Digestible carbohydrates are absorbed as monosaccharides (simple sugars) like glucose, which the liver can release into the bloodstream for energy.

2. Which mineral is a principal component of cell membranes?

• A. phosphorus
• B. magnesium
• C. iron
• D. iodine

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Phosphorus is the correct answer. It is a key component of cell membranes, being part of the phospholipid bilayer that provides structure and controls the movement of substances in and out of cells. Magnesium, iron, and iodine do not serve as principal components of cell membranes. Magnesium is involved in various enzymatic reactions, iron is essential for oxygen transport, and iodine plays a role in thyroid hormone synthesis.

3. You are to measure the client's initial blood pressure reading by doing all of the following EXCEPT:

• A. Take the blood pressure reading on both arms for comparison
• B. Listen to and identify the phases of Korotkoff sounds
• C. Pump the cuff to around 50 mmHg above the point where the pulse is obliterated
• D. Observe procedures for infection control

Correct answer: B

Rationale: When measuring blood pressure, it is crucial to follow specific steps to obtain accurate readings. Taking the blood pressure on both arms for comparison helps assess any variations. Pumping the cuff to around 50 mmHg above the point of pulse obliteration ensures accurate measurements. Observing procedures for infection control is vital to prevent the spread of infections. Listening to and identifying the phases of Korotkoff sounds are associated with auscultatory blood pressure measurements, not the initial blood pressure reading process.

4. A client reports having difficulty losing weight. Which of the following responses by the nurse is appropriate?

• A. Eat small portions of high-calorie foods first.
• B. Set a goal, and you will be able to attain it.
• C. It is helpful to self-monitor your eating.
• D. Taste food while cooking to help curb your appetite.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'It is helpful to self-monitor your eating.' Self-monitoring dietary intake is an evidence-based strategy that enhances awareness and accountability, making it an effective approach for weight management. Choice A is incorrect as focusing on high-calorie foods first may not be the most effective strategy for weight loss. Choice B is too general and lacks actionable advice. Choice D, tasting food while cooking, does not directly address the client's difficulty in losing weight and is not a proven method for weight management.

5. Which is NOT a prudent recommendation for a menopausal patient?

• A. Supplement calcium and vitamin D slightly beyond upper intake level
• B. Encourage lean protein and regular exercise
• C. Avoid alcohol if xerostomia is present
• D. Consumption of 90 mg daily of isoflavones in soy products helps to increase bone mass

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Excessive supplementation of calcium and vitamin D beyond the upper intake level is not recommended unless under medical supervision, as it can cause adverse health effects.

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