Nursing Elites

1. A mother asks about healthy snacks for her three children under 4 years old. All are wise choices the dental hygienist can recommend, except one. Which is the exception?

• A. Low-fat milk or yogurt
• B. Whole-grain cereals
• C. Raw vegetable sticks
• D. Nuts and seeds

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Nuts and seeds pose a choking hazard for children under 4 years old, making them an unsafe snack choice for young children. While low-fat milk or yogurt, whole-grain cereals, and raw vegetable sticks are healthy snack options suitable for children under 4 years old, nuts and seeds should be avoided due to the risk of choking, especially in young children who may not have fully developed chewing abilities.

2. During the first 24 hours of burn, nursing measures should focus on which of the following?

• A. I and O hourly
• B. Strict aseptic technique
• C. Forced oral fluids
• D. Isolate the patient

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Patient safety and efficacy of care depend on actions rooted in established nursing protocols that consider both the immediate and long-term needs of the patient.

3. What information should a working mother who wants to continue breastfeeding her infant by occasionally pumping milk ahead of time be given to help her successfully maintain breastfeeding?

• A. Breast milk can be refrigerated for up to 4 days
• B. Breast milk stored in a deep freezer can be kept for up to 12 months
• C. Heating breast milk in the microwave can degrade its nutritional quality
• D. Breast milk can be expressed either by hand or with an electric pump

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. This information is crucial as it informs the mother of her options for expressing milk, which is the first step in being able to store and later feed it to her child while she's away at work. Choice A has been corrected to state that breast milk can be refrigerated for up to 4 days, providing a more accurate storage timeframe. Choice B has been revised to indicate that breast milk stored in a deep freezer can be kept for up to 12 months, aligning with the recommended storage duration. Choice C now highlights that heating breast milk in the microwave can degrade its nutritional quality, emphasizing the importance of using proper methods for warming breast milk and avoiding potential harm to the baby's health and well-being.

4. The past history of Camila would most probably reveal that her premorbid personality is:

• A. schizoid
• B. extrovert
• C. ambivert
• D. cycloid

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Understanding the underlying pathology and therapeutic techniques ensures that nursing care is not only reactive but also preventative, reducing the risk of complications.

5. What is the first step in the scientific method?

• A. Conduct an experiment
• B. Make an observation and ask a question
• C. Formulate a hypothesis
• D. Reach a consensus

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The first step in the scientific method is to make an observation and ask a question. This is because the scientific method is a systematic process of investigation that begins with observing a phenomenon or asking a question about it. This is followed by formulating a hypothesis (Choice C), designing and conducting an experiment to test the hypothesis (Choice A), and analyzing the results to reach a consensus or conclusion (Choice D). Therefore, choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they represent steps that occur after the initial observation and question.

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