ATI RN
ATI Nutrition Practice A
1. Any disease that produces ____ malabsorption can bring about deficiencies of vitamins A, D, E, and K.
- A. water
- B. protein
- C. fat
- D. carbs
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Vitamins A, D, E, and K are fat-soluble, meaning they require fat for absorption. Diseases that cause fat malabsorption can lead to deficiencies in these vitamins.
2. During the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury, what intervention should be included in the plan of care for a child?
- A. Administer a loop diuretic.
- B. Provide a low-sodium diet.
- C. Weigh the child weekly.
- D. Provide a high-protein diet.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: During the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury, the priority is managing fluid balance. Administering a loop diuretic is crucial to promote diuresis and reduce fluid retention, aiding in managing the condition effectively. Providing a low-sodium diet may be beneficial but is not the priority intervention during this phase. Weighing the child weekly is important for monitoring overall health but does not directly address the oliguric phase. Providing a high-protein diet is not typically recommended in acute kidney injury, especially during the oliguric phase, as it can put additional stress on the kidneys.
3. A healthcare professional is reviewing the lab findings of a client who has Clostridium Difficile. Which of the following findings should indicate to the healthcare professional that the client is experiencing Fluid Volume Deficit?
- A. Hct 53%
- B. Potassium 3.5
- C. Sodium 145
- D. HbA1c 5
Correct answer: A
Rationale: An elevated hematocrit level (Hct 53%) indicates hemoconcentration, a sign of fluid volume deficit. Hct measures the percentage of red blood cells in the blood and increases when there is a decrease in plasma volume, as seen in fluid volume deficit. Choices B, C, and D do not directly relate to fluid volume status. Potassium and sodium levels are more indicative of electrolyte imbalances, while HbA1c reflects average blood sugar levels over the past 2-3 months and is not specific to fluid volume status.
4. Select all that apply. A person who is deficient in vitamin A could consume which of the following to increase vitamin A levels?
- A. cantaloupe
- B. eggs
- C. carrots
- D. all of the above
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Vitamin A can be found in high amounts in foods like cantaloupe, eggs, carrots, and milk, all of which help to maintain healthy vision, skin, and immune function.
5. A healthcare professional is preparing to administer a dose of Hydromorphone IV to a client. Which of the following actions should the healthcare professional take?
- A. Administer the medication over 5 minutes.
- B. Administer a dose of Naloxone prior to giving the Hydromorphone.
- C. Assess the client's blood pressure prior to administration.
- D. Inject the medication into the client's subcutaneous tissue.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct action for the healthcare professional preparing to administer IV Hydromorphone to a client is to administer the medication over 5 minutes. This slow administration is crucial to reduce the risk of hypotension and respiratory depression. Administering the medication rapidly can lead to adverse effects. Option B, administering Naloxone prior to Hydromorphone, is incorrect because Naloxone is used as an antidote for opioid overdose, not as a routine pre-medication. Option C, assessing the client's blood pressure before administration, is important but not the immediate action to take to reduce adverse effects of Hydromorphone. Option D, injecting the medication into the client's subcutaneous tissue, is incorrect as Hydromorphone is meant for intravenous administration for rapid onset of action.