Nursing Elites

1. Which statement about essential nutrients should the nurse include?

• A. Fat-containing foods can help to decrease triglyceride levels.
• B. Animal sources of protein contain 20 essential amino acids.
• C. Carbohydrates are the primary source of fuel for muscles and the brain.
• D. High-fiber foods are a good source of energy.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because carbohydrates are indeed the primary source of fuel for muscles and the brain. Choice A is incorrect because while certain fats are essential, they do not help decrease triglyceride levels. Choice B is incorrect because animal sources of protein do not contain all 20 essential amino acids. Choice D is incorrect because although high-fiber foods are important for digestion and overall health, they are not a direct source of energy.

2. When is Prevident indicated?

• A. High caries risk
• B. Crown and bridge work
• C. Orthodontic decalcification
• D. All of the above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Prevident is indicated for all the situations listed in the choices. It is recommended for patients with a high risk of caries to reduce the risk of tooth decay. It is also used in dental procedures like crown and bridge work to strengthen enamel and prevent cavities. Furthermore, it is utilized for orthodontic decalcification to aid in remineralizing the tooth structure and prevent further damage. Therefore, the correct answer is 'All of the above.' While choices A, B, and C are individually correct, selecting 'All of the above' is the most appropriate as it encompasses all the possible indications for Prevident.

3. Proteolytic enzymes are most likely to break down which food type?

• A. Carbohydrates
• B. Proteins
• C. Fats
• D. Lipids

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Proteolytic enzymes target proteins for breakdown into amino acids. Carbohydrates are broken down by enzymes like amylase, while fats are broken down by lipase. Lipids, which include fats, are not specifically targeted by proteolytic enzymes.

4. What food assistance program provides a food debit card for older adults with low incomes?

• A. the OAA Nutrition Program
• B. Meals on Wheels
• C. the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program
• D. the Emergency Food Assistance Program

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP). SNAP provides a food debit card to assist low-income individuals, including older adults, in purchasing food. Choice A, the OAA Nutrition Program, is incorrect as it refers to a different program specifically focused on providing nutrition services to older adults. Choice B, Meals on Wheels, is incorrect as it is a meal delivery service for homebound individuals rather than a food debit card program. Choice D, the Emergency Food Assistance Program, is incorrect as it typically involves the distribution of emergency food supplies rather than providing a food debit card.

5. Which nutrient is most closely associated with the prevention of neural tube defects in a developing fetus for a woman planning to become pregnant?

• A. Calcium
• B. Folate
• C. Vitamin A
• D. Choline

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is folate. Folate, also known as Vitamin B9, is vital for the prevention of neural tube defects in the developing fetus. It is primarily responsible for the creation and repair of DNA, which is essential during rapid growth stages such as pregnancy. While nutrients like calcium, vitamin A, and choline are important for pregnancy, they are not as directly linked to preventing neural tube defects as folate. Calcium is crucial for the baby's bone and teeth development. Vitamin A is essential for vision, immune function, and cellular growth. Choline supports brain development and neural functioning. However, none of these nutrients have the same direct impact on preventing neural tube defects as folate.

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