ATI RN
ATI Medical Surgical Proctored Exam 2023
1. A student is practicing suctioning a tracheostomy in the skills laboratory. What action by the student demonstrates that more teaching is needed?
- A. Applying suction while withdrawing the catheter
- B. Preoxygenating the client before suctioning
- C. Suctioning up to three times if necessary
- D. Suctioning for a duration of 10 to 15 seconds each time
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct technique for suctioning a tracheostomy involves applying suction while withdrawing the catheter to avoid damaging the tracheal mucosa. Therefore, the student applying suction while inserting the catheter indicates a need for further teaching. Preoxygenating the client, suctioning up to three times if necessary, and limiting suctioning to 10 to 15 seconds each time are all appropriate actions in tracheostomy suctioning.
2. When planning a budget, the nurse manager knows that costs depend on and change in direct proportion to patient volume and activity. What type of costs are these?
- A. Variable costs
- B. Indirect costs
- C. Fixed costs
- D. Direct costs
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Variable costs vary in direct proportion to patient volume and activity. These costs increase or decrease based on the level of patient care provided. Indirect costs are not directly tied to patient volume, fixed costs remain constant regardless of patient volume, and direct costs are directly attributable to patient care but may not vary with patient volume and activity. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Variable costs.'
3. What statement by the client with plantar fasciitis indicates a need for further teaching?
- A. I will use warm packs on my feet.
- B. I will use nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) for comfort.
- C. I will rest and stretch my feet.
- D. I will wear supportive shoes.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Using warm packs can exacerbate inflammation in plantar fasciitis. Choices B, C, and D are all appropriate interventions for managing plantar fasciitis. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can help reduce pain and inflammation. Resting and stretching the feet can promote healing and reduce symptoms. Wearing supportive shoes can provide stability and reduce strain on the plantar fascia. Therefore, the client's statement about using warm packs indicates a need for further teaching as it can worsen the condition.
4. A client with cancer is about to receive low-dose brachytherapy via a vaginal implant. What intervention should be included in the care plan?
- A. Remove vaginal packing.
- B. Insert an indwelling urinary catheter.
- C. Ambulate the client four times daily.
- D. Keep the client NPO until therapy is complete.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct intervention that should be included in the care plan for a client about to receive low-dose brachytherapy via a vaginal implant is to insert an indwelling urinary catheter. This is crucial to prevent bladder distention during brachytherapy, ensuring the treatment's effectiveness and the client's comfort. Removing vaginal packing (Choice A) may not be necessary or appropriate in this situation. Ambulating the client four times daily (Choice C) is a good nursing intervention for general patient care but is not specifically related to brachytherapy via a vaginal implant. Keeping the client NPO until therapy is complete (Choice D) is not necessary unless specifically indicated due to the treatment's nature or the client's condition.
5. A client has a new prescription for Lovastatin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Take this medication on an empty stomach.
- B. Take this medication in the morning.
- C. Take this medication at bedtime.
- D. Increase your intake of potassium-rich foods.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct instruction for taking Lovastatin is to take it at bedtime. Cholesterol production in the liver is highest at night, so taking Lovastatin at bedtime aligns with the body's natural rhythm and maximizes its effectiveness.
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