ATI RN
Human Growth and Development Exam 1
1. Which of the following best describes a sequential design?
- A. Does not address diversity in developmental outcomes.
- B. Permits researchers to check if cohort effects are operating.
- C. Is less efficient than a longitudinal design.
- D. Makes cross-sectional, but not longitudinal, comparisons.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: A sequential design permits researchers to check if cohort effects are operating. This design involves combining cross-sectional and longitudinal research, allowing for the comparison of different cohorts at different ages. By using this approach, researchers can determine if developmental changes observed are due to age or generation-specific factors. Therefore, a sequential design is valuable in addressing the potential influence of cohort effects on developmental outcomes. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because a sequential design does not neglect diversity in developmental outcomes, is not necessarily less efficient than a longitudinal design, and can make both cross-sectional and longitudinal comparisons.
2. Unlike adults, newborn babies __________.
- A. have a limited sense of smell
- B. see nearby objects most clearly
- C. prefer unfamiliar voices to familiar ones
- D. see unclearly across a wide range of distances
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Unlike adults, newborn babies see nearby objects most clearly. This is due to the fact that newborns have a limited ability to focus their eyes on objects that are farther away. Their visual acuity is not fully developed at birth, leading to clearer vision of objects situated at a close distance. Choice A is incorrect because newborn babies have a well-developed sense of smell. Choice C is incorrect as newborns typically show a preference for familiar voices, such as their mother's voice. Choice D is incorrect as newborns do not see unclearly across a wide range of distances; rather, their vision is clearer for nearby objects.
3. Which family theory is described as a series of tasks for the family throughout its life span?
- A. Exchange theory
- B. Developmental theory
- C. Structural-functional theory
- D. Symbolic interactional theory
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Developmental theory outlines the series of tasks and stages that a family goes through over its life span, helping to understand the family's development and needs over time.
4. During discharge teaching, a client informs the nurse about a new prescription for prednisone for asthma. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding in teaching?
- A. I will decrease my fluid intake while taking this medication.
- B. I will expect to have black, tarry stools.
- C. I will take my medication with meals.
- D. I will monitor for weight loss while on this medication.
Correct answer: I will take my medication with meals.
Rationale: Taking prednisone with meals can help reduce the risk of gastrointestinal upset and irritation. It is important for the client to understand how to take the medication correctly to maximize its effectiveness and minimize potential side effects. Monitoring for weight loss or changes in stools may be important but does not directly relate to the administration of the medication with meals.
5. The nurse is reviewing the home medication list with the patient. The nurse recognizes that hydrochlorothiazide is used primarily for which condition?
- A. Hypertension
- B. Edema
- C. Diabetes insipidus
- D. Protection against postmenopausal osteoporosis
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Hydrochlorothiazide is primarily indicated for hypertension (HTN). Thiazides like hydrochlorothiazide are commonly the first-line treatment for hypertension. While hydrochlorothiazide can be used for edema, diabetes insipidus, and postmenopausal osteoporosis to some extent, its main use and efficacy lie in managing hypertension.
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