ATI RN
ATI Mental Health Practice B
1. A psychiatric nurse observes that a client diagnosed with schizophrenia is pacing up and down the corridor. The client is muttering to himself, and his hands are trembling. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
- A. Ask the client if he is hearing voices.
- B. Offer the client a PRN medication for anxiety.
- C. Encourage the client to participate in a relaxation exercise.
- D. Remove the client to a quieter environment.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The first action the nurse should take is to remove the client to a quieter environment. This intervention aims to reduce stimuli that may be contributing to the client's agitation and help create a calmer and more supportive setting for the client. Choices A, B, and C are not the priority in this situation as addressing the environmental factors should come first before exploring symptoms, offering medication, or engaging in relaxation exercises.
2. A patient taking isotretinoin (Accutane) for acne vulgaris. Which statement indicates that the patient teaching has been effective?
- A. I should use a reliable form of birth control.
- B. I will stop taking the drug if my skin is dry.
- C. It is important to increase intake of vitamin A.
- D. I do not need to use sunblock while taking Accutane.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Isotretinoin is highly teratogenic, which means it can cause birth defects. Therefore, it is crucial for patients, especially females of childbearing potential, to use effective forms of birth control to prevent pregnancy while taking this medication. This is a key component of patient teaching to ensure the safe use of isotretinoin. Choice B is incorrect because discontinuing isotretinoin abruptly can lead to a flare-up of acne. Choice C is incorrect because increasing vitamin A intake can be harmful due to the risk of hypervitaminosis A. Choice D is incorrect because isotretinoin makes the skin more sensitive to sunlight, so sunblock is essential to prevent sunburn and skin damage.
3. Overweight and obesity often accompany conditions such as _____ that limit mobility or result in short stature, which can lead to feeding difficulties.
- A. Parkinson's disease
- B. muscular dystrophy
- C. Down syndrome
- D. multiple sclerosis
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, Down syndrome. Down syndrome is often associated with short stature and limited mobility, which can contribute to feeding difficulties and obesity. Parkinson's disease (choice A) primarily affects motor function, but it is not typically associated with short stature. Muscular dystrophy (choice B) primarily impacts muscle strength and does not necessarily lead to short stature. Multiple sclerosis (choice D) is a neurological condition affecting the central nervous system and does not directly cause short stature or feeding difficulties as seen in Down syndrome.
4. The nurse is evaluating research studies according to the GRADE criteria and has determined the quality of evidence on the subject is moderate. Which type of evidence does this determination indicate?
- A. Strong evidence from unbiased observational studies
- B. Evidence from randomized clinical trials showed inconsistent results
- C. Consistent evidence from well-performed randomized clinical trials
- D. Evidence for at least one critical outcome from randomized clinical trials had serious flaws
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Moderate evidence typically indicates that results from randomized clinical trials were inconsistent, highlighting the need for further research to confirm findings.
5. Using knowledge of child development, what approach is best when preparing a toddler for a procedure?
- A. Avoid asking the child to make choices.
- B. Plan for a teaching session to last about 20 minutes.
- C. Demonstrate on a doll how the procedure will be done.
- D. Show the necessary equipment without allowing child to handle it.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Demonstrating on a doll helps the toddler understand what will happen in a non-threatening way, making the procedure less intimidating. Long teaching sessions or avoiding choices can increase anxiety.
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