ATI RN
ATI Pathophysiology
1. How can a nurse determine the efficacy of a child's mebendazole treatment for roundworm after 3 weeks?
- A. Liver function tests
- B. Stool for ova and parasites
- C. Colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy
- D. Rectal swab for culture
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Stool for ova and parasites. To assess the efficacy of treatment for roundworm, the nurse would examine the stool for ova (eggs) and parasites. This test helps determine if the infection has been cleared. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because liver function tests are not commonly used to monitor roundworm treatment efficacy, and colonoscopy/sigmoidoscopy as well as rectal swab for culture are not routine diagnostic tests for assessing the effectiveness of mebendazole treatment for roundworm.
2. What are the common manifestations of a thrombotic stroke?
- A. Gradual loss of function on one side of the body
- B. Sudden loss of consciousness
- C. Severe headache and confusion
- D. Seizures and convulsions
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Gradual loss of function on one side of the body. A thrombotic stroke is characterized by a gradual onset of symptoms due to interrupted blood flow in the brain. This interruption results in manifestations such as weakness, numbness, or paralysis on one side of the body. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because sudden loss of consciousness, severe headache, confusion, seizures, and convulsions are more commonly associated with conditions other than thrombotic strokes.
3. Which of the following treatments is not recommended for a child classified with no dehydration?
- A. Administering 1,000 ml to 1,400 ml within 4 hours
- B. Continuing feeding
- C. Allowing the child to take as much fluid as he wants
- D. Returning the child to the doctor if the condition worsens
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Continuing feeding is a recommended treatment for a child classified with no dehydration. This helps maintain the child's nutritional status and supports recovery. Options A, C, and D are appropriate interventions for a child with no dehydration. Option A ensures adequate fluid intake, option C promotes hydration, and option D ensures appropriate follow-up if the condition worsens.
4. A client has a new diagnosis of tuberculosis and has been placed on a multi-medication regimen. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give the client related to ethambutol?
- A. Your urine can turn a dark orange.
- B. Watch for a change in the sclera of your eyes.
- C. Watch for any changes in vision.
- D. Take vitamin B6 daily.
Correct answer: C: Watch for any changes in vision.
Rationale: Ethambutol is associated with potential vision changes, including optic neuritis. Patients should be instructed to report any visual disturbances immediately to prevent permanent vision loss. Monitoring for changes in vision is crucial to detect any adverse effects early on and prevent serious complications.
5. A client sustained a crushing injury to his right arm during a car accident. He arrives to the emergency room complaining of numbness in his right hand. He has no other injuries. What should the nurse do first?
- A. Assess the right radial pulse
- B. Call the provider
- C. Administer pain medication
- D. Assess the right pedal pulse
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Assessing the radial pulse checks for adequate circulation and potential complications.
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