ATI RN
ATI Capstone Medical Surgical Assessment 1 Quizlet
1. What is the initial nursing action for a patient with a chest tube found to have an air leak?
- A. Check the tube connections
- B. Replace the chest tube
- C. Remove and reinsert the chest tube
- D. Document the incident
Correct answer: A
Rationale: When a patient with a chest tube is found to have an air leak, the priority action for the nurse is to check the tube connections. This step helps identify the source of the air leak, which can be caused by loose or disconnected tube connections. Once the source of the leak is identified and addressed, further interventions may be necessary. Replacing or removing and reinserting the chest tube should not be the initial response unless there are specific indications for these actions. Documenting the incident is important but comes after addressing the immediate concern of the air leak.
2. What is the correct method of administering insulin to a patient with diabetes?
- A. Administer subcutaneously
- B. Administer intramuscularly
- C. Administer intravenously
- D. Administer orally
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct method of administering insulin to a patient with diabetes is to administer it subcutaneously. Insulin is typically injected into the fatty tissue just below the skin, allowing for a slow and consistent absorption into the bloodstream. Administering insulin intramuscularly (Choice B) is not recommended as it can lead to unpredictable absorption rates and potential complications. Administering insulin intravenously (Choice C) is only done in specific medical settings and not for routine diabetes management. Administering insulin orally (Choice D) is ineffective as the stomach acid would break down the insulin before it can be absorbed.
3. Which lab value is critical for monitoring warfarin therapy?
- A. Monitor INR
- B. Monitor platelet count
- C. Monitor sodium levels
- D. Monitor calcium levels
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Monitor INR. INR (International Normalized Ratio) is crucial for monitoring warfarin therapy as it helps assess the therapeutic effectiveness and bleeding risks associated with the medication. INR measures the clotting tendency of blood, which is essential in determining the appropriate dosage of warfarin. Monitoring platelet count (B), sodium levels (C), or calcium levels (D) is not primarily used for assessing warfarin therapy. Platelet count is more relevant in assessing bleeding disorders, while sodium and calcium levels are typically monitored for different medical conditions unrelated to warfarin therapy.
4. A client has a new prescription for Lisinopril. Which of the following laboratory values should be monitored?
- A. Serum potassium
- B. Serum sodium
- C. Serum calcium
- D. Serum magnesium
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Corrected Rationale: Lisinopril is an ACE inhibitor that can cause hyperkalemia by reducing potassium excretion through the kidneys. Monitoring serum potassium levels is crucial to detect hyperkalemia early and prevent adverse effects such as cardiac arrhythmias. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because Lisinopril is not known to significantly impact sodium, calcium, or magnesium levels in the same way it affects potassium levels.
5. Which food has the highest calcium content?
- A. 1 cup of carrot strips
- B. 3 oz of canned salmon
- C. 1 plain baked potato
- D. 1 cup of chopped chicken breast
Correct answer: 3 oz of canned salmon
Rationale: The highest source of calcium among the given choices is the 3 oz of canned salmon. This is due to the presence of bones in canned salmon, which are rich in calcium. The other options, including 1 cup of carrot strips, 1 plain baked potato, and 1 cup of chopped chicken breast, do not contain as much calcium due to the nature of their composition and lack of bone content.
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