a patient is starting on a statin medication for hyperlipidemia what critical instruction should the nurse provide

ATI RN

ATI Pathophysiology Quizlet

1. A patient is starting on a statin medication for hyperlipidemia. What critical instruction should the nurse provide?

A. Take the medication at night to reduce the risk of muscle pain and other side effects.
B. Take the medication in the morning with breakfast to improve absorption.
C. Avoid alcohol consumption while taking this medication to reduce the risk of liver damage.
D. Take the medication with a high-fat meal to increase its effectiveness.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Statins like atorvastatin should be taken at night to reduce the risk of muscle pain and other side effects. Taking the medication with a high-fat meal (choice D) is not recommended as it can decrease the effectiveness of the medication. Alcohol consumption (choice C) should be moderated but does not need to be completely avoided unless contraindicated. Taking the medication with breakfast (choice B) may not be as effective as taking it at night due to the circadian rhythm of cholesterol synthesis.

2. Which of the following characteristics is common in both malignant and benign tumors?

A. Uncontrolled cell growth
B. Rapid growth
C. Metastasis
D. Invasion of surrounding tissue

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Uncontrolled cell growth. This characteristic is common to both malignant and benign tumors. Benign tumors are non-cancerous growths that do not invade nearby tissue or spread to other parts of the body. Therefore, choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Rapid growth, metastasis, and invasion of surrounding tissue are characteristics typically associated with malignant tumors.

3. A patient is prescribed raloxifene (Evista) for osteoporosis. What is the primary mechanism of action for this medication?

A. Raloxifene decreases bone resorption, which helps to maintain or increase bone density.
B. Raloxifene increases calcium absorption in the intestines, which helps build stronger bones.
C. Raloxifene stimulates new bone formation by increasing osteoblast activity.
D. Raloxifene decreases calcium excretion by the kidneys, helping to maintain bone density.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Raloxifene decreases bone resorption, which helps to maintain or increase bone density, making it effective in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.

4. Cellular swelling is:

A. Irreversible
B. Evident early in all types of cellular injury
C. Manifested by decreased intracellular sodium
D. None of the above is correct

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Cellular swelling is indeed evident early in all types of cellular injury. This occurs due to the influx of water into the cell, leading to swelling. Choice A is incorrect because cellular swelling is reversible if the injury is not severe. Choice C is incorrect because cellular swelling is not manifested by decreased intracellular sodium; in fact, it is associated with increased intracellular sodium due to water influx. Choice D is incorrect as option B is the correct statement.

5. What occurs in a client with polycythemia?

A. Deficient plasma in the blood
B. Increased lymphatic fluid being produced
C. Increased red blood cells being produced
D. Deficient number of red blood cells

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Increased red blood cells being produced. Polycythemia is a condition characterized by an elevated number of red blood cells in the blood. This increased concentration of red blood cells can lead to blood thickening and potentially result in complications such as blood clots. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because polycythemia does not involve deficient plasma, increased lymphatic fluid production, or a deficient number of red blood cells.