ATI RN
ATI Gastrointestinal System Test
1. A patient has a severe exacerbation of ulcerative colitis. Long-term medications will probably include:
- A. Antacids.
- B. Antibiotics.
- C. Corticosteroids.
- D. Histamine2-receptor blockers.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Long-term medications for a severe exacerbation of ulcerative colitis probably include corticosteroids.
2. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has a new prescription for warfarin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. You should avoid consuming foods high in vitamin K.
- B. Take this medication at the same time each day.
- C. Monitor for signs of bruising and bleeding.
- D. Have your INR checked every 4 weeks.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct instruction the nurse should include is to advise the client to avoid consuming foods high in vitamin K. Foods rich in vitamin K, such as leafy greens, can interfere with the effectiveness of warfarin, an anticoagulant medication. Therefore, it is important for clients on warfarin therapy to maintain consistent vitamin K intake to keep their INR levels stable. The other options are also important but not the priority in the context of warfarin therapy. Ingesting foods high in vitamin K can affect the medication's efficacy, making it crucial to highlight this dietary consideration during client education.
3. The classic definition of public health is:
- A. It is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
- B. It is the health of individuals and communities that are, to a large extent, affected by a combination of many factors.
- C. It refers to the overall health of individuals, families, and communities being influenced by various factors in the ecosystem.
- D. It is the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life, and promoting health through organized community efforts for sanitation, disease control, and health education.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The classic definition of public health is focused on the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life, and promoting health through organized community efforts. This definition emphasizes the importance of community-based interventions to improve public health outcomes such as sanitation, disease control, and health education. Public health aims to address the health needs of populations rather than just individuals, highlighting the collective approach to enhancing the well-being of communities.
4. Chemicals, agents, or factors that cause physical defects in the developing embryo and are most harmful during organogenesis are:
- A. Teratogens
- B. Heterozygous
- C. Inborn errors
- D. Multifactorial
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Teratogens are substances that can cause congenital abnormalities, especially during the first trimester when organogenesis occurs. Choice A, Teratogens, is the correct answer as it specifically refers to substances that cause physical defects in the developing embryo. Choices B, Heterozygous, C, Inborn errors, and D, Multifactorial, are incorrect as they do not directly relate to substances that cause physical defects in embryos during organogenesis.
5. A child with a history of seizures arrives in the emergency department (ED) in status epilepticus. Which is the priority nursing action?
- A. Take vital signs.
- B. Establish an intravenous line.
- C. Perform rapid neurologic assessment.
- D. Maintain a patent airway.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: When a child with a history of seizures presents in status epilepticus, the priority nursing action is to maintain a patent airway. This is crucial to ensure proper oxygenation and ventilation. While taking vital signs, establishing an intravenous line, and performing rapid neurologic assessment are important, maintaining a patent airway takes precedence. Hypoxia can lead to serious complications, making airway management the top priority to ensure the child's safety and prevent further deterioration.
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