ATI RN
ATI Gastrointestinal System Quizlet
1. A client has just had surgery for colon cancer. Which of the following disorders might the client develop?
- A. Peritonitis
- B. Diverticulosis
- C. Partial bowel obstruction
- D. Complete bowel obstruction
Correct answer: C
Rationale: After surgery for colon cancer, the client may develop a partial bowel obstruction.
2. Which of the following diagnostic tests may be performed to determine if a client has gastric cancer?
- A. Barium enema
- B. Colonoscopy
- C. Gastroscopy
- D. Serum chemistry levels
Correct answer: C
Rationale: A gastroscopy is performed to visualize the stomach lining and obtain biopsies to diagnose gastric cancer.
3. What is the ability of cardiac cells to generate an electrical impulse without being stimulated by an external source?
- A. Automaticity
- B. Contractility
- C. Conductivity
- D. Refractoriness
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Automaticity is the correct answer because it refers to the inherent ability of cardiac cells to generate electrical impulses without the need for external stimulation. Contractility (Choice B) is the ability of the heart muscle to contract and generate force, not related to electrical impulse generation. Conductivity (Choice C) refers to the ability of cardiac cells to transmit electrical impulses from cell to cell, not the spontaneous generation of impulses. Refractoriness (Choice D) is the period during which the cardiac cells are recovering and not able to respond to a new stimulus, not the spontaneous generation of impulses.
4. A nurse is working with the local community on promoting physical fitness for children. The nurse encourages the community to develop programs that meet the needs of the school-aged child for physical activity, based on the understanding that this age group requires how much physical activity daily?
- A. 30 minutes
- B. 60 minutes
- C. 90 minutes
- D. 15 minutes
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 60 minutes. School-aged children require at least 60 minutes of physical activity daily according to recommendations. This level of activity helps in promoting overall health, development, and well-being. Choice A (30 minutes) is incorrect as it falls short of the recommended duration. Choice C (90 minutes) is excessive and not the standard guideline for this age group. Choice D (15 minutes) is insufficient to meet the physical activity needs of school-aged children.
5. What are the priority nursing assessments for a patient who has just undergone major surgery?
- A. Providing analgesia as prescribed
- B. Monitoring for signs of infection
- C. Assessing the surgical site for bleeding
- D. Monitoring the patient's vital signs
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to monitor for signs of infection. After major surgery, one of the priority nursing assessments is to watch for signs of infection, such as increased temperature, redness, swelling, or drainage at the surgical site. While providing analgesia is important for pain management, monitoring for infection takes precedence as it can lead to severe complications if not detected early. Assessing the surgical site for bleeding is crucial but is usually more relevant immediately after surgery. Monitoring the patient's vital signs is essential, but the specific focus on infection assessment is crucial in the immediate postoperative period.
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