Nursing Elites

1. A nurse that is always ready to answer for all his actions and decision is said to be:

• A. Accountable C. Critical thinker
• B. Responsible D. Assertive
• C.
• D.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Patient safety and efficacy of care depend on actions rooted in established nursing protocols that consider both the immediate and long-term needs of the patient.

2. A client who has dumping syndrome following a hemi-colectomy should avoid which of the following foods when receiving nutritional teaching from a nurse?

• A. Rice
• B. Poached eggs
• C. Fresh apples
• D. White bread

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Fresh apples should be avoided by a client with dumping syndrome following a hemi-colectomy because they are high in fiber and can exacerbate gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea and bloating. Rice and poached eggs are good options as they are easily digestible and less likely to trigger dumping syndrome symptoms. White bread is also preferable over whole grain bread due to its lower fiber content, making it a better choice for individuals with dumping syndrome.

3. By the age of three, which age-appropriate food skill can a child typically perform?

• A. Using utensils and a napkin
• B. Spearing food with a fork
• C. Measuring liquids
• D. Displaying proper table manners

Correct answer: B

Rationale: By the age of three, a child typically develops the motor skills needed to spear food with a fork. This is a critical milestone in self-feeding as it shows progress in fine motor coordination. Choice 'A' is incorrect because using utensils and a napkin properly is a skill that may take longer to develop and refine. Choice 'C' is not correct as measuring liquids requires a higher level of motor skills and understanding of quantities that a three-year-old child might not possess. Choice 'D' is also incorrect as the proper display of table manners is a complex skill that is typically learned over a longer period and involves social and cultural norms.

4. A patient is being discharged with a vitamin K deficiency. What food should the nurse recommend to the patient to include in their diet?

• A. Oranges
• B. Spinach
• C. Fish
• D. Nuts

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Spinach is an excellent source of vitamin K, which plays a vital role in blood clotting and bone health. Oranges, fish, and nuts do not contain significant amounts of vitamin K, making them less suitable choices to address a vitamin K deficiency. Therefore, the correct recommendation for a patient with a vitamin K deficiency would be to include spinach in their diet to help replenish this essential vitamin.

5. A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has a new diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Which of the following foods or beverages should the nurse recommend to minimize heartburn?

• A. Orange juice
• B. Decaffeinated coffee
• C. Peppermint
• D. Potatoes

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Potatoes are bland and less likely to relax the lower esophageal sphincter, making them a suitable choice to minimize heartburn in clients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Orange juice and peppermint are acidic and can exacerbate GERD symptoms, while coffee, even decaffeinated, can stimulate acid production and worsen heartburn.

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