Nursing Elites

1. When in opposition to an immediate superior, a nurse manager should use which important strategy in a confrontation?

• A. Using 'I' language
• B. Using absolutes
• C. Using 'why' questions
• D. Using negative assertions

Correct answer: A

Rationale: When in a confrontation, using 'I' language is crucial for a nurse manager. This approach allows the manager to express personal feelings without sounding accusatory, which can help reduce defensiveness and promote open communication. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Using absolutes can come off as rigid and may escalate the conflict. 'Why' questions can be perceived as confrontational and may put the other person on the defensive. Negative assertions can lead to a more hostile exchange rather than fostering a constructive dialogue.

2. The type of theory that discusses how motivation works to direct a person's efforts is:

• A. Reinforcement.
• B. Operant.
• C. Conditioning.
• D. Process.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Process. Process theory focuses on how motivation directs an individual's efforts into performance. Reinforcement theory, on the other hand, views motivation as a form of learning. It involves operant conditioning, where behavior is associated with consequences. Conditioning is a broad term that includes both classical and operant conditioning, but it does not specifically address how motivation directs efforts. Therefore, choices A, B, and C are incorrect in the context of discussing how motivation works to direct a person's efforts.

3. What is the main concern with collective bargaining?

• A. Create tension among nurses.
• B. Reform health care.
• C. Secure economic security.
• D. Unite the nurses.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The main concern with collective bargaining is that it can create tension among nurses. The bargaining process may lead to divisions between staff nurses and management, rather than uniting them. This tension can arise from differing priorities, goals, or interests between the two groups, potentially impacting the effectiveness of the bargaining process. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the primary focus of the concern is on the potential negative impact on nurse relationships, not on reforming healthcare, ensuring economic security, or uniting nurses.

4. Knowing the different modes of communication used by men and women is important for the nurse manager. Which of the following is a difference in communication in unpleasant situations?

• A. Men tend to talk more, and women withdraw.
• B. Men tend to use tag questions.
• C. Women disagree more.
• D. Women talk longer and faster, men disclose more.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. In unpleasant situations, men tend to talk more, while women tend to withdraw. Women are more likely to use tag questions and disclose more. Men, on the other hand, tend to talk longer and may be more inclined to disagree. Therefore, option A is the most accurate choice that highlights a difference in communication styles between men and women in unpleasant situations.

5. A manager has been given a deadline to complete an assignment by the end of the day. It will take every minute left of the afternoon to complete. Which interventions illustrate assertiveness to minimize interruptions in order to meet the deadline? (Select all that apply.)

• A. Allowing voicemail to answer all incoming calls or turning off email notification
• B. Delegating a discharge planning issue for a patient to one of the staff nurses
• C. Placing a 'Do Not Disturb for the Afternoon' sign on the office door
• D. All of the above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: All the interventions listed are appropriate ways to minimize interruptions. By allowing voicemail to answer calls or turning off email notifications, the manager can focus solely on the assignment. Delegating tasks to staff nurses frees up the manager's time. Placing a 'Do Not Disturb for the Afternoon' sign on the office door sends a clear message to minimize interruptions and focus on the deadline. Therefore, all of the above interventions illustrate assertiveness to meet the deadline by minimizing interruptions.

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