Nursing Elites

1. What is a characteristic of normal cells?

• A. They have no functions
• B. They have a larger nucleus
• C. They undergo apoptosis
• D. They have a dark-colored nucleus

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is that normal cells undergo apoptosis, which is a programmed cell death process essential for maintaining tissue homeostasis. Choice A is incorrect as normal cells do have specific functions. Choice B is incorrect as the size of the nucleus may vary but is not a defining characteristic of normal cells. Choice D is incorrect as the color of the nucleus is not a standard characteristic of normal cells.

2. A patient was admitted with gastric cancer. The patient asks the nurse about things to expect while receiving chemotherapy. Which of the following statements of the nurse shows incompetence?

• A. You can expect hair loss, but do not worry it will grow back immediately
• B. You may be infected easily, so avoid going to overpopulated places
• C. We may need to monitor your uric acid levels
• D. We may need to monitor your RBCs

Correct answer: A

Rationale: While hair loss (alopecia) is a common side effect of chemotherapy due to the damage to rapidly dividing hair follicle cells, the statement that hair will grow back "immediately" is inaccurate and misleading. Hair regrowth after chemotherapy takes time, typically starting a few weeks to months after treatment ends. The new hair may also have a different texture or color initially. Therefore, this statement indicates a lack of understanding and could give the patient unrealistic expectations, which is why it shows incompetence.

3. A 60-year-old patient with chronic myeloid leukemia will be treated in the home setting and the nurse is preparing appropriate health education. What topic should the nurse emphasize?

• A. The importance of adhering to the prescribed drug regimen
• B. The need to ensure that vaccinations are up to date
• C. The importance of daily physical activity
• D. The need to avoid shellfish and raw foods

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is typically treated with targeted therapies, such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), which can help control the disease and prolong survival. The effectiveness of these medications relies heavily on strict adherence to the prescribed drug regimen. Patients need to take their medication consistently and as directed to maintain therapeutic drug levels and effectively manage the disease. Non-adherence can lead to disease progression or resistance to treatment, which is why it is crucial for the nurse to emphasize this point during health education.

4. A home health nurse is caring for a patient with multiple myeloma. Which of the following interventions should the nurse prioritize when addressing the patients severe bone pain?

• A. Implementing distraction techniques
• B. Educating the patient about the effective use of hot and cold packs
• C. Teaching the patient to use NSAIDs effectively
• D. Helping the patient manage the opioid analgesic regimen

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Multiple myeloma causes severe bone pain due to the proliferation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow, leading to osteolytic lesions and bone destruction. Opioid analgesics are often required to manage this level of pain effectively, especially in cases where the pain is severe and chronic. The nurse's priority should be helping the patient manage their opioid regimen, ensuring they understand proper dosing, side effects, and safe use of the medication. Opioids are generally necessary in such cases because they provide stronger pain relief compared to other types of analgesics, such as NSAIDs or non-opioid medications.

5. A client in the oncology clinic reports her family is frustrated at her ongoing fatigue 4 months after radiation therapy for breast cancer. What response by the nurse is most appropriate?

• A. Are you getting adequate rest and sleep each day?
• B. It is normal to be fatigued even for months afterward.
• C. This is not normal and I’ll let the primary health care provider know.
• D. Try adding more vitamins B and C to your diet.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Radiation-induced fatigue can last for months; it’s important to normalize this for the client.

Similar Questions