Nursing Elites

1. A client who is postpartum and has been diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia should be taught to consume which of the following dietary recommendations?

• A. Yogurt and mozzarella
• B. Spinach and beef
• C. Milk and turkey slices
• D. Fish and cottage cheese

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is spinach and beef. Both spinach and beef are high in iron, making them excellent choices to help combat iron deficiency anemia. Yogurt, mozzarella, milk, turkey slices, fish, and cottage cheese are not as rich in iron compared to spinach and beef, so they are not the most suitable dietary recommendations for a client with iron deficiency anemia.

2. 24 hours after the creation of a colostomy, what should Nurse Violy identify as the normal appearance of the stoma?

• A. Pink, moist, and slightly protruding from the abdomen
• B. Gray, moist, and slightly protruding from the abdomen
• C. Pink, dry, and slightly protruding from the abdomen
• D. Red, moist, and slightly protruding from the abdomen

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Following colostomy surgery, a healthy stoma should appear pink, moist, and slightly protruding from the abdomen, which is why option 'A' is the correct answer. A gray stoma (choice 'B') could indicate poor blood supply or necrosis, which is a serious complication. A dry stoma (choice 'C') is also not normal as it should be moist; a dry stoma may suggest dehydration or other complications. While a stoma can appear red (choice 'D'), this is not typically the normal color; it should usually be pink. Therefore, it's important for healthcare professionals to correctly identify the normal and abnormal appearances of a stoma to ensure proper patient care.

3. What is the most likely complication for a client receiving TPN who suddenly develops tremors, dizziness, and diaphoresis?

• A. Fluid volume overload
• B. Sepsis
• C. Hyperglycemia
• D. Hypoglycemia

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Hypoglycemia. When a client receiving TPN suddenly develops tremors, dizziness, and diaphoresis, it is indicative of hypoglycemia. TPN provides a high concentration of glucose, and if it is abruptly stopped or the infusion rate is reduced, it can lead to hypoglycemia. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not directly correlate with the symptoms described in the scenario. Fluid volume overload typically presents with edema and hypertension, sepsis with fever and increased heart rate, and hyperglycemia with polyuria, polydipsia, and blurred vision.

4. Which term is used to describe medical practices that have been thoroughly evaluated using scientific methods?

• A. Meta-analysis
• B. Systematic reviews
• C. Evidence-based
• D. Observational studies

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, 'Evidence-based.' Evidence-based practices refer to medical practices that have been thoroughly evaluated and supported by scientific research. Meta-analysis (A) involves statistical analysis that combines the results of multiple studies. Systematic reviews (B) are comprehensive reviews that synthesize evidence from multiple studies. Observational studies (D) are research methods where researchers observe subjects in their natural environment.

5. A nurse is providing teaching to the parent of a toddler about appropriate snacks. Which of the following foods should the nurse include?

• A. Sliced bananas
• B. Raw celery
• C. Peanut butter
• D. Grapes

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is sliced bananas. Bananas are a good choice for toddlers as they are easy to chew, rich in potassium, and generally well-tolerated. Raw celery (Choice B) may pose a choking hazard due to its fibrous nature. Peanut butter (Choice C) should be avoided as it can also be a choking hazard and may cause an allergic reaction in some children. Grapes (Choice D) are a choking hazard for toddlers due to their size and shape, so they should be cut into smaller pieces or avoided altogether.

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