Nursing Elites

1. A healthcare provider is teaching a client who has constipation about a high-fiber diet. Which of the following foods should be included as sources of fiber? (Select one that does not apply.)

• A. Whole wheat bread
• B. Kidney beans
• C. Refined cereals
• D. Blackberries

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Refined cereals are not a good source of fiber as they have been processed and stripped off most of their fiber content. Whole wheat bread, kidney beans, and blackberries are excellent sources of fiber. Whole wheat bread is made from whole grains, which are high in fiber. Kidney beans are rich in fiber and can help alleviate constipation. Blackberries are a good source of fiber and can aid in promoting bowel regularity.

2. A pregnant woman has applied to use WIC services to supplement her food intake. The WIC program would provide vouchers for _____ in this situation.

• A. lean beef
• B. fruit-flavored yogurt
• C. whole grain bread
• D. refried beans

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: whole grain bread. The WIC program aims to provide nutritious foods to support a healthy diet during pregnancy. Whole grain bread is a good source of fiber and essential nutrients. Choice A, lean beef, is a protein source but may not be as versatile as whole grain bread in providing a variety of nutrients essential during pregnancy. Choice B, fruit-flavored yogurt, may contain added sugars and may not offer the same level of essential nutrients as whole grain bread. Choice D, refried beans, is a good source of protein and fiber, but whole grain bread is often a staple recommended in pregnancy for its nutritional benefits.

3. As a Nurse Manager, DMLM enjoys her staff of talented and self motivated individuals. She knew that the leadership style to suit the needs of this kind of people is called:

• A. Autocratic
• B. Participative
• C. Democratic
• D. Laissez Faire

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Effective nursing care involves comprehensive assessments that address all aspects of a patient's condition, ensuring that interventions are appropriately targeted and outcomes are optimized.

4. What special consideration should be taken into account when Mario prepares Richard for postural drainage and percussion?

• A. Monitoring a respiratory rate of 16 to 20 per minute
• B. Assessing the client's ability to tolerate sitting and lying positions
• C. Ensuring the client is free of signs of infection
• D. Knowing the time of the client's last food and fluid intake

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, 'Monitoring a respiratory rate of 16 to 20 per minute'. When performing postural drainage and percussion, it is crucial to monitor the respiratory rate to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the procedure. Choice B, 'Assessing the client's ability to tolerate sitting and lying positions', while important, is not directly related to the specifics of postural drainage and percussion. Similarly, option C, 'Ensuring the client is free of signs of infection', although important, is not directly linked to the procedure. Option D, 'Knowing the time of the client's last food and fluid intake', might be relevant for other procedures, but it is not the primary consideration for postural drainage and percussion.

5. Which is NOT a characteristic or function of lipids?

• A. Involved in energy metabolism and storage
• B. Provide insulation and protection
• C. Act as hormones that regulate the body
• D. Are hydrophilic

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Lipids are known for several functions including involvement in energy metabolism and storage (Choice A), providing insulation and protection (Choice B), and acting as hormones that regulate the body (Choice C). However, lipids are not hydrophilic (water-attracting), contrary to choice D. They are actually hydrophobic, meaning they repel water and do not mix well with it. This is a key property that differentiates them from many other biological molecules.

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