a nurse is teaching a client who has a prescription for cephalexin which of the following instructions should the nurse include

ATI RN

ATI Proctored Pharmacology Test

1. When teaching a client with a prescription for Cephalexin, which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

A. Take the medication with an antacid.
B. Avoid dairy products while taking this medication.
C. Expect your stools to turn black.
D. Complete the full course of medication.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct instruction for a client prescribed with Cephalexin is to complete the full course of medication. This is crucial to ensure the infection is completely treated and to reduce the risk of antibiotic resistance. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Taking Cephalexin with an antacid is generally not recommended as it may reduce its effectiveness. While dairy products can interfere with certain antibiotics, they do not have a direct interaction with Cephalexin. Stools turning black is not an expected side effect of Cephalexin.

2. A client with osteoporosis has a new prescription for alendronate. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide?

A. Take the medication with a meal.
B. Remain upright for at least 30 minutes after taking the medication.
C. Take the medication with a glass of juice.
D. Take the medication with milk or food.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct instruction for a client taking alendronate is to remain upright for at least 30 minutes after administration. This is essential to prevent esophageal irritation and ensure the medication reaches the stomach properly. Remaining upright reduces the risk of side effects such as esophagitis. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as alendronate should not be taken with a meal, juice, milk, or food to optimize its absorption and effectiveness.

3. What is the therapeutic use of metformin?

A. Lower blood pressure
B. Diminish seizure activity
C. The maintenance of a person's blood glucose levels
D. Increase heart rate and decrease gastrointestinal secretions

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Metformin is commonly prescribed to manage and control blood glucose levels in individuals with diabetes. It helps in reducing the amount of glucose produced by the liver and improves the body's response to insulin, thereby aiding in the regulation of blood sugar levels. It is not used to lower blood pressure, diminish seizure activity, increase heart rate, or decrease gastrointestinal secretions.

4. When educating a client with a new prescription for Amlodipine, which instruction should the nurse provide?

A. Increase your intake of dairy products.
B. Avoid driving until you see how the medication affects you.
C. Stop taking the medication if you develop a dry cough.
D. Take the medication at bedtime.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is to advise the client to avoid driving until they understand the medication's effects. Amlodipine can cause dizziness, making it unsafe to drive until the client knows how the medication affects them. This instruction promotes client safety and prevents potential accidents due to medication side effects.

5. Which of the following drugs is associated with the reaction of Cinchonism?

A. Valproic acid
B. Quinidine
C. Isoniazid
D. Ethosuximide

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Cinchonism is associated with Quinidine, not Valproic acid, Isoniazid, or Ethosuximide. Cinchonism is characterized by symptoms such as tinnitus, dizziness, and headaches. Quinidine, being an antiarrhythmic agent, can lead to this condition as a side effect.