ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam 2023 Quizlet
1. A client has a new prescription for Warfarin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Avoid consuming foods high in vitamin K.
- B. Monitor your blood pressure regularly.
- C. Increase your intake of green, leafy vegetables.
- D. Take the medication with a high-fat meal.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to advise the client to avoid consuming foods high in vitamin K. Warfarin's effectiveness can be affected by vitamin K intake. Clients should maintain a consistent intake of vitamin K and avoid sudden increases in foods high in vitamin K to ensure the medication works properly and consistently. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Monitoring blood pressure, increasing intake of green, leafy vegetables, or taking the medication with a high-fat meal are not specific instructions related to Warfarin therapy.
2. A client who has a new prescription for omeprazole is being taught by a nurse. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I should take this medication before meals.
- B. I should take this medication with an antacid.
- C. I should avoid taking this medication at bedtime.
- D. I should take this medication with food.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Taking omeprazole before meals is important as it improves the medication's effectiveness in reducing gastric acid production. Option B is incorrect as omeprazole should not be taken with antacids as it can interfere with its absorption. Option C is incorrect because omeprazole is usually recommended to be taken before breakfast, not at bedtime. Option D is incorrect as omeprazole is generally taken on an empty stomach, at least 1 hour before a meal.
3. Is it a good idea for an athlete to eliminate all fat from his diet in order to stay lean?
- A. yes, because dietary fat is stored easily in fat cells and can't be used for energy
- B. no, because fats provide energy during prolonged exercise
- C. yes, because fat is stored under the skin and causes the body to overheat
- D. no, because excess fat is converted to glycogen and stored in the muscles
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Fat is an essential energy source during prolonged exercise, so eliminating it entirely from the diet is not advisable for athletes.
4. Following an extensive diagnostic workup, an older adult patient has been diagnosed with a secondary myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). What assessment question most directly addresses the potential etiology of this patient's health problem?
- A. Were you ever exposed to toxic chemicals in any of the jobs that you held?
- B. When you were younger, did you tend to have recurrent infections of any kind?
- C. Have your parents or siblings had any disease like this?
- D. Would you say that you've had a lot of sun exposure in your lifetime?
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Secondary MDS can occur at any age and results from prior toxic exposure to chemicals, including chemotherapeutic medications. Asking about exposure to toxic chemicals in previous jobs directly addresses the potential etiology of this patient's health problem. Choices B, C, and D are not as directly related to the etiology of secondary MDS. Recurrent infections (Choice B) are not a known cause of MDS. Family history (Choice C) is more pertinent to primary MDS, which has a genetic component, while sun exposure (Choice D) is not associated with the etiology of MDS.
5. A client is being educated by a healthcare provider on the purpose of taking a bronchodilator. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. ''This medication can decrease my immune response.''
- B. ''I take this medication to prevent asthma attacks.''
- C. ''I need to take this medication with food.''
- D. ''This medication has a slow onset to treat my symptoms.''
Correct answer: ''I take this medication to prevent asthma attacks.''
Rationale: The correct answer is, 'I take this medication to prevent asthma attacks.' Bronchodilators are commonly used to relieve bronchospasm in conditions such as asthma. This medication helps to dilate the airways, making it easier to breathe and preventing asthma attacks. The other options are incorrect: option A is inaccurate as bronchodilators do not decrease immune responses, option C is incorrect as bronchodilators are typically taken on an empty stomach for better absorption, and option D is false as bronchodilators have a rapid onset to provide quick relief of symptoms.
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