ATI RN
ATI Proctored Pharmacology Test
1. A client has a new prescription for Furosemide to treat heart failure. Which of the following laboratory results should the nurse monitor?
- A. Potassium level
- B. Sodium level
- C. Hemoglobin A1C
- D. BUN
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The nurse should monitor the client's potassium levels when taking Furosemide because the medication can lead to hypokalemia. Hypokalemia is a potential side effect of Furosemide, a loop diuretic, due to increased potassium excretion in the urine. Monitoring potassium levels is crucial to prevent complications such as cardiac dysrhythmias associated with low potassium levels. Therefore, choices B (Sodium level), C (Hemoglobin A1C), and D (BUN) are incorrect as they are not directly influenced by Furosemide therapy for heart failure.
2. Before bowel surgery, Lee is to administer enemas until clear. During administration, he complains of intestinal cramps. What do you do next?
- A. Discontinue the procedure.
- B. Lower the height of the enema container.
- C. Complete the procedure as quickly as possible.
- D. Continue administration of the enema as ordered without making any adjustments.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: If a patient complains of intestinal cramps during an enema, lowering the height of the enema container can help reduce discomfort.
3. During an acute panic attack, which intervention should the nurse implement?
- A. Encourage the client to discuss their feelings
- B. Provide a calm environment
- C. Teach the client deep breathing exercises
- D. Leave the client alone to calm down
Correct answer: C
Rationale: During an acute panic attack, the priority intervention is to create a calm and safe environment. Teaching the client deep breathing exercises is crucial as it promotes relaxation and reduces hyperventilation, helping to manage the panic attack effectively. Encouraging the client to discuss their feelings may exacerbate the panic by increasing emotional distress. Providing a busy environment can escalate stress levels rather than alleviate them. Leaving the client alone may lead to feelings of abandonment or worsen the panic attack. Therefore, the most appropriate intervention is to teach deep breathing exercises to help the client regain control and manage the panic attack.
4. What type of drug therapy is typically administered immediately after a heart attack?
- A. Antilipemic drugs
- B. Corticosteroids
- C. Diuretics
- D. Thrombolytic drugs
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Thrombolytic drugs are typically administered immediately after a heart attack to dissolve the clot blocking the coronary artery and restore blood flow to the heart muscle. Antilipemic drugs are used to lower lipid levels and prevent atherosclerosis, but they are not typically administered immediately after a heart attack. Corticosteroids are used to reduce inflammation and suppress the immune response, which are not immediate concerns after a heart attack. Diuretics are used to reduce fluid build-up and lower blood pressure, but these are not the primary concerns immediately following a heart attack.
5. When interviewing a client recently diagnosed with lung cancer and having a 60-pack-year smoking history, what is the most important action for the nurse to take?
- A. Educate the client about the importance of quitting smoking to halt cancer progression.
- B. Encourage the client to disclose both tobacco and marijuana use openly.
- C. Maintain a nonjudgmental attitude to promote honest communication with the client.
- D. Provide realistic information about cancer treatment and prognosis without giving false hope.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Maintaining a nonjudgmental attitude during the interview is crucial to create a safe environment where the client feels comfortable and open about disclosing their smoking history and other relevant information. This approach helps establish trust and facilitates an honest conversation which is essential for providing appropriate care and support to the client.
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