Nursing Elites

1. A nurse is reviewing the medical records of a group of older adult clients. Which risk factor should the nurse identify as placing older adults at an increased risk for infections?

• A. Improved nutritional status
• B. Increased mobility
• C. Chronic conditions
• D. Lowered immune function

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Lowered immune function. Older adults often experience a decline in immune function as they age, making them more vulnerable to infections. This weakened immune system can result in increased susceptibility to various pathogens. Choice A, 'Improved nutritional status,' is incorrect because good nutrition can actually help support the immune system. Choice B, 'Increased mobility,' is not directly related to an increased risk of infections. Choice C, 'Chronic conditions,' while they can contribute to a weakened immune system, do not directly address the primary risk factor for infections in older adults.

2. A nurse is preparing a client for transfer to another unit. Which finding should the nurse include in the transfer report?

• A. Nutritional status
• B. Client's response to pain medication
• C. Daily vital signs
• D. Most recent lab results

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Client's response to pain medication. When transferring a client to another unit, it is crucial to communicate how the client is responding to pain medication to ensure continuity of care and appropriate pain management. While nutritional status, daily vital signs, and most recent lab results are important aspects of the client's care, the client's response to pain medication directly impacts their comfort and well-being during the transfer process.

3. A nurse in an acute care facility is caring for a client who is postop following abdominal surgery. Which behavior should the nurse identify as increasing the client's risk for constipation?

• A. Increased physical activity
• B. Frequent urge suppression
• C. Increased fiber intake
• D. Decreased fluid intake

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Frequent urge suppression can lead to constipation, especially postoperatively. Suppressing the urge to defecate can disrupt normal bowel movements and result in constipation. Increased physical activity, increased fiber intake, and adequate fluid intake are measures that typically help prevent constipation by promoting bowel regularity and preventing stool hardening. Therefore, choices A, C, and D are not behaviors that increase the client's risk for constipation.

4. A nurse is preparing to administer medications to a client through a nasogastric (NG) tube. Which action should the nurse take?

• A. Crush all the medications and mix them together in water
• B. Flush the NG tube with 10 mL of air before each medication
• C. Dissolve each medication separately and flush with water between medications
• D. Administer all medications at the same time

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take when administering medications through an NG tube is to dissolve each medication separately and flush with water between medications. This practice helps prevent interactions between medications and ensures that each medication is delivered effectively. Option A is incorrect as mixing all medications together can lead to chemical interactions or alter the effectiveness of the medications. Option B is incorrect because flushing the NG tube with air is not recommended and may cause harm. Option D is incorrect as administering all medications at the same time does not allow for proper absorption and interaction control.

5. A nurse is preparing to transfer a client from a bed to a chair. The client can bear partial weight and has upper body strength. What device should the nurse use?

• A. Mechanical lift
• B. Gait belt
• C. Slide board
• D. Stand-assist lift

Correct answer: D

Rationale: A stand-assist lift is the correct choice in this scenario. This device is suitable for clients who can bear partial weight and have upper body strength, as it allows them to actively participate in the transfer process. A mechanical lift is typically used for clients who are non-weight bearing or have limited mobility. A gait belt is used for providing support and stability during walking or transferring short distances. A slide board is used for transferring clients who are unable to bear weight and need assistance moving from one surface to another.

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