Nursing Elites

1. When performing an abdominal assessment on a client, what action should the nurse take first?

• A. Palpate the abdomen
• B. Auscultate bowel sounds
• C. Inspect the abdomen
• D. Percuss the abdomen

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is to auscultate bowel sounds. This action should be taken first because it ensures that bowel sounds are not altered by physical manipulation. Inspecting the abdomen (choice C) may provide visual cues but does not address functional assessment. Palpating the abdomen (choice A) should follow auscultation to prevent altering bowel sounds. Percussing the abdomen (choice D) is typically done after auscultation and palpation.

2. A client with diabetes mellitus is being taught about foot care by a nurse. Which statement indicates understanding?

• A. I will soak my feet in hot water daily
• B. I will wear my slippers whenever I am out of bed
• C. I should apply lotion between my toes after washing my feet
• D. I will cut my nails in a rounded shape

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Wearing slippers or shoes when out of bed is crucial for clients with diabetes as it helps prevent injuries to the feet, reducing the risk of infection. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Soaking feet in hot water daily can lead to dryness and skin damage, applying lotion between toes can create a moist environment promoting fungal growth, and cutting nails in a rounded shape can increase the risk of ingrown nails.

3. A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client with a prescription for home oxygen therapy. What information should the nurse include?

• A. Use synthetic fabrics to avoid static electricity
• B. Turn off the oxygen when not in use
• C. Avoid open flames or smoking near oxygen
• D. Increase the oxygen flow rate as needed

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Avoid open flames or smoking near oxygen.' This information is crucial to prevent fires because oxygen supports combustion. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Choice A is not relevant to oxygen therapy. Choice B is incorrect as oxygen should not be turned off when in use as prescribed. Choice D is incorrect because adjusting the oxygen flow rate without healthcare provider guidance can be dangerous.

4. When reviewing the health history of an older adult with a hip fracture, what should a nurse identify as a risk factor for developing pressure injuries?

• A. Malnutrition
• B. Poor hygiene
• C. Urinary incontinence
• D. Immobility

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Urinary incontinence is a risk factor for skin breakdown, which can lead to the development of pressure injuries. While malnutrition, poor hygiene, and immobility are important considerations in overall patient care, they are not specifically identified as significant risk factors for pressure injuries in this scenario.

5. A client with diabetes mellitus is being taught about foot care by a nurse. What statement indicates understanding?

• A. I will soak my feet in hot water every day
• B. I will wear cotton socks at all times
• C. I will cut my toenails in a rounded shape
• D. I will apply lotion between my toes after bathing

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Wearing cotton socks is essential for clients with diabetes as it helps protect the feet and reduces the risk of skin breakdown. Choice A is incorrect because soaking feet in hot water can lead to burns or skin damage. Choice C is incorrect as clients with diabetes should cut their toenails straight across to prevent ingrown toenails. Choice D is incorrect as applying lotion between the toes can create a moist environment that may increase the risk of fungal infections.

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