ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam 2024
1. A healthcare professional is reviewing the medical record of a client with a new prescription for Epoetin Alfa. Which of the following findings should the professional report to the provider?
- A. The client has a history of hypertension.
- B. The client has a hemoglobin level of 10 g/dL.
- C. The client has a history of chronic kidney disease.
- D. The client has a blood pressure of 140/90 mm Hg.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Chronic kidney disease is a contraindication for the use of Epoetin Alfa because it can worsen hypertension, increase the risk of cardiovascular events, and lead to adverse outcomes. Epoetin Alfa is used to treat anemia by stimulating red blood cell production, but in the presence of chronic kidney disease, it can exacerbate hypertension and contribute to cardiovascular complications. Choices A, B, and D are not directly related to the contraindication of Epoetin Alfa in the presence of chronic kidney disease.
2. A Staff Nurse submits a six-week notice of resignation. The Nurse Manager prepares a request to immediately post the position and begin interviews. This action is best described as which of the following?
- A. Delegation
- B. A time-waster
- C. Reactive management
- D. Proactive management
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Proactive management. Proactive management involves taking steps to prevent issues from occurring rather than just reacting to them. In this scenario, the Nurse Manager is being proactive by preparing to fill the position before the Staff Nurse leaves, thereby preventing short staffing. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Delegation refers to assigning tasks to others, not preparing to fill a vacant position. Calling it a time-waster is subjective and not reflective of the manager's proactive approach. Reactive management would involve waiting until the Nurse leaves and then trying to fill the position, causing short staffing.
3. A nurse is planning care for a toddler who has burns over 50% total body surface area. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
- A. Administer enteral feedings
- B. Limit intake of vitamin C
- C. Limit dietary protein
- D. Administer insulin prior to meals
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Administering enteral feedings is crucial for ensuring adequate nutrition and supporting healing in toddlers with extensive burns. Burns over 50% total body surface area can lead to increased metabolic demands, making it essential to provide nutrition through enteral feedings to meet the child's needs for healing and recovery. Limiting intake of vitamin C or dietary protein would be detrimental in this scenario as the child requires increased amounts of nutrients to support healing. Administering insulin prior to meals is not indicated in this case as the priority is to provide adequate nutrition to promote healing.
4. Which neuromuscular disease is characterized by abnormal chewing and swallowing patterns, tremors of the mandible, lip, and tongue, frequent drooling, and holding food in the mouth for extended periods?
- A. Developmental disabilities
- B. Parkinson's disease
- C. Epilepsy
- D. Diabetes mellitus
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, Parkinson's disease. Parkinson's disease is characterized by abnormal chewing and swallowing patterns, tremors of the mandible, lip, and tongue, frequent drooling, and difficulties in oral functions like holding food in the mouth. Developmental disabilities (Choice A) do not specifically cause these symptoms related to neuromuscular function. Epilepsy (Choice C) is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures and does not typically present with the described symptoms. Diabetes mellitus (Choice D) is a metabolic disorder that affects blood sugar regulation and does not directly cause the neuromuscular symptoms mentioned in the question.
5. The nurse supervises care of a client who is receiving enteral feeding via a nasogastric tube. The nurse determines that care is appropriate if which of the following is observed? (Select all that apply)
- A. The nursing assistant aspirates and measures the amount of the gastric aspirate
- B. The nursing assistant elevates the head of the client’s bed 30 degrees
- C. The nursing assistant warms the formula to room temperature
- D. B, C
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Elevating the head of the bed to 30 degrees reduces the risk of aspiration by promoting proper digestion and preventing reflux. Warming the formula to room temperature is essential to prevent discomfort and complications. Aspirating and measuring the gastric aspirate is not a recommended nursing action for monitoring enteral feeding via a nasogastric tube, as it can introduce the risk of introducing contaminants into the feeding tube. Therefore, choices A and B are incorrect, making choice D the correct answer.
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