ATI RN
ATI Exit Exam 2024
1. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Which of the following dietary recommendations should the nurse make?
- A. Increase your intake of high-fiber foods.
- B. Avoid foods that are high in fat.
- C. Increase your intake of dairy products.
- D. Drink carbonated beverages to help with bloating.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "Avoid foods that are high in fat." Clients with IBS should avoid foods high in fat as they can exacerbate symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating, and diarrhea. High-fiber foods, choice A, can sometimes worsen symptoms in individuals with IBS. Increasing intake of dairy products, choice C, may also worsen symptoms for some individuals with IBS, especially if they are lactose intolerant. Drinking carbonated beverages, choice D, can contribute to bloating and gas, making symptoms worse for individuals with IBS.
2. A healthcare professional is caring for a client who has a prescription for enoxaparin. Which of the following laboratory tests should the healthcare professional review before administering the medication?
- A. Prothrombin time (PT)
- B. INR
- C. Platelet count
- D. Potassium levels
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Corrected Rationale: Before administering enoxaparin, it is essential to review potassium levels to monitor for potential imbalances. Enoxaparin, a type of anticoagulant, does not directly affect PT, INR, or platelet count. Monitoring potassium levels is crucial to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the medication. PT and INR are typically used to monitor warfarin therapy, while platelet count is essential for assessing clotting function but is not directly related to enoxaparin administration.
3. What is a major feature of the therapeutic lifestyle changes (TLC) recommended for the treatment of high blood cholesterol?
- A. Avoiding all foods that contain cholesterol
- B. Reducing sodium intake to less than 2 g/day
- C. Limiting total fat intake to less than 30% of energy intake
- D. Limiting saturated fat intake to less than 7% of energy intake
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, 'Limiting saturated fat intake to less than 7% of energy intake.' This is a central feature of the therapeutic lifestyle changes (TLC) recommended for treating high blood cholesterol. Saturated fats can increase low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, a significant risk factor for heart disease. Choice A is incorrect because while it is recommended to limit cholesterol intake, it's not suggested to avoid all foods containing cholesterol entirely in the TLC. Choice B is also incorrect as although reducing sodium intake is beneficial for controlling blood pressure, it's not specifically targeted in the TLC for managing high cholesterol. Lastly, while limiting total fat intake is a healthy guideline, it's not as specific or effective as limiting saturated fat intake, making choice C also incorrect.
4. Which of the following is the correct method to reduce the risk of infection when handling a urinary catheter?
- A. Clean the catheter tubing with soap and water.
- B. Maintain sterile technique when inserting the catheter.
- C. Insert the catheter using clean gloves and a clean technique.
- D. Flush the catheter tubing regularly with sterile water.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct method to reduce the risk of infection when handling a urinary catheter is to maintain sterile technique when inserting the catheter. Sterile technique helps prevent introducing pathogens into the urinary system, reducing the risk of infection. Choice A is incorrect because cleaning the catheter tubing with soap and water is not sufficient for preventing infection. Choice C is incorrect as clean gloves and technique are not enough; sterile technique is necessary. Choice D is incorrect as flushing the catheter tubing with sterile water, though important for maintaining catheter patency, does not address the need for sterile technique during insertion to prevent infection.
5. Which best describes an outcome of successful health promotion?
- A. Reduced incidence of chronic diseases
- B. Increased health care costs
- C. Improved patient compliance
- D. Decreased use of emergency services
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Reduced incidence of chronic diseases. Successful health promotion aims to prevent diseases and improve health outcomes, leading to a decrease in the occurrence of chronic conditions. This outcome reflects positive changes in health behaviors and conditions, ultimately contributing to better overall health in populations.
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