ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam
1. A client has a prescription for Hydrochlorothiazide. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Take this medication in the morning.
- B. Increase intake of potassium-rich foods.
- C. Take this medication with food.
- D. Monitor for signs of dehydration.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is to monitor for signs of dehydration. Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic that can lead to fluid loss and electrolyte imbalance, potentially causing dehydration. Signs of dehydration include dry mouth, increased thirst, and decreased urine output. It is important for the client to be vigilant in monitoring and reporting these symptoms to healthcare providers to prevent complications. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because taking the medication in the morning, increasing potassium-rich foods, or taking the medication with food are not specific instructions related to the potential side effects of Hydrochlorothiazide.
2. A client has a new prescription for Furosemide to treat heart failure. Which of the following laboratory results should the nurse monitor?
- A. Potassium level
- B. Sodium level
- C. Hemoglobin A1C
- D. BUN
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The nurse should monitor the client's potassium levels when taking Furosemide because the medication can lead to hypokalemia. Hypokalemia is a potential side effect of Furosemide, a loop diuretic, due to increased potassium excretion in the urine. Monitoring potassium levels is crucial to prevent complications such as cardiac dysrhythmias associated with low potassium levels. Therefore, choices B (Sodium level), C (Hemoglobin A1C), and D (BUN) are incorrect as they are not directly influenced by Furosemide therapy for heart failure.
3. As a nurse assigned for care for geriatric patients, you need to frequently assess your patient using the nursing process. Which of the following needs be considered with the highest priority?
- A. Patients own feeling about his illness
- B. Safety of the client especially those elderly clients who frequently falls
- C. Nutritional status of the elderly client
- D. Physiologic needs that are life threatening
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Effective nursing care involves comprehensive assessments that address all aspects of a patient's condition, ensuring that interventions are appropriately targeted and outcomes are optimized.
4. A nurse on a medical-surgical unit is caring for a client who has a new prescription for wrist restraints. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Pad the client's wrists before applying the restraints.
- B. Evaluate the client's circulation every 8 hours after application.
- C. Secure the restraint ties to the bed's side rails.
- D. Remove the restraints every 4 hours to evaluate the client's status.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: When applying wrist restraints, it is crucial to secure the restraint ties to the bed's side rails to ensure the client's safety and prevent injury. Padding the client's wrists (Choice A) is not a standard practice and may compromise the effectiveness of the restraints. Evaluating the client's circulation (Choice B) is important but should be done more frequently than every 8 hours to ensure prompt detection of any circulation issues. Removing the restraints every 4 hours (Choice D) is unnecessary and may increase the risk of injury or agitation in the client.
5. A client has a new prescription for Warfarin. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching?
- A. I will avoid eating large amounts of green leafy vegetables.
- B. I will take my medication at the same time every day.
- C. I will increase my intake of foods high in potassium.
- D. I will report any signs of bleeding to my provider.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because Warfarin interacts with vitamin K, not potassium. Therefore, the client needs to be cautious with foods high in vitamin K, such as green leafy vegetables, rather than foods high in potassium. Choices A, B, and D are correct statements regarding Warfarin therapy and do not indicate a need for further teaching.
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