ATI RN
ATI Proctored Pharmacology Test
1. A client receives a new prescription for NRTIs for HIV treatment. Which statement should the nurse include during teaching about these medications?
- A. These medications work by inhibiting enzymes to prevent HIV replication.
- B. These medications work by preventing protein synthesis within the HIV cell.
- C. These medications work by weakening the cell wall of the HIV virus.
- D. These medications work by blocking HIV entry into cells.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: NRTIs inhibit the enzyme reverse transcriptase, essential for HIV replication. By preventing this process, viral replication is hindered, ultimately reducing the viral load in the body. Option A correctly explains the mechanism of action of NRTIs in treating HIV infection. Choices B, C, and D describe mechanisms of action that do not align with how NRTIs work in HIV treatment. B is incorrect because NRTIs do not target protein synthesis within the HIV cell. C is incorrect as NRTIs do not affect the cell wall of the HIV virus. D is incorrect because NRTIs do not block HIV entry into cells.
2. During operation, who manages the lighting, noise, temperature and other factors in the operating room suite?
- A. Nurse Supervisor
- B. Surgeon
- C. Circulating Nurse
- D. Scrub Nurse
Correct answer: C: Circulating Nurse
Rationale: In an operating room, the circulating nurse is responsible for managing environmental factors such as lighting, noise, and temperature. This role includes ensuring the comfort and safety of the patient, as well as the efficiency of the team. While the Nurse Supervisor, Surgeon, and Scrub Nurse also have crucial roles during an operation, they do not directly manage the environmental conditions of the operating room. The rationale provided does not directly address the question asked, and appears to relate more to the broader role of nursing in patient care.
3. A client is being taught about the use of hypnosis during labor. Which of the following statements is appropriate?
- A. Hypnosis focuses on biofeedback as a relaxation technique
- B. Hypnosis promotes increased control of pain perception during contractions
- C. Hypnosis uses therapeutic touch to reduce anxiety during labor
- D. Hypnosis provides instruction to minimize pain
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because hypnosis during labor aims to increase control over pain perception, helping manage labor pain without the need for medication. Choice A is incorrect as hypnosis doesn't primarily focus on biofeedback. Choice C is incorrect because hypnosis doesn't rely on therapeutic touch. Choice D is incorrect because hypnosis doesn't just provide instructions to minimize pain but rather helps individuals gain control over their pain perception.
4. Quality management and benchmarking are two approaches used to improve the quality of care. The major difference between these two approaches is which of the following?
- A. Quality management is not useful in the outpatient setting
- B. Benchmarking compares outcomes in a variety of settings and disciplines
- C. Quality management is used only in the primary care setting
- D. Benchmarking looks only at outcomes specific to nursing
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The major difference between quality management and benchmarking is that benchmarking compares outcomes in a variety of settings and disciplines. Choice A is incorrect because quality management can be applied in both inpatient and outpatient settings. Choice C is incorrect as quality management is not limited to primary care and can be implemented across various healthcare settings. Choice D is incorrect as benchmarking does not solely focus on nursing outcomes but rather compares outcomes across different disciplines and settings.
5. A nurse is caring for a client who is 1 day postoperative following a total knee replacement. The client reports pain of 8 on a scale of 0 to 10. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Administer ibuprofen 400 mg PO
- B. Administer oxycodone 10 mg PO
- C. Reposition the client to the unaffected side
- D. Apply a cold compress to the affected knee
Correct answer: B
Rationale: In this scenario, the appropriate action for the nurse to take when a client reports severe postoperative pain of 8 out of 10 is to administer oxycodone 10 mg PO. Oxycodone is a potent analgesic that is more effective in managing severe pain compared to ibuprofen, making choice A incorrect. Repositioning the client to the unaffected side or applying a cold compress may provide some comfort but are not the priority interventions for severe postoperative pain, making choices C and D less appropriate.
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