ATI RN
Proctored Pharmacology ATI
1. A client has a new prescription for Losartan. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I will increase my intake of potassium-rich foods.
- B. I will take the medication with a full glass of milk.
- C. I should monitor my blood pressure weekly.
- D. I will take the medication every other day.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'I should monitor my blood pressure weekly.' Monitoring blood pressure regularly is crucial for clients taking Losartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker, to ensure effective management of hypertension. This medication works to dilate blood vessels, lowering blood pressure, so monitoring is essential to assess its effectiveness. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because increasing potassium-rich foods can be harmful due to the potassium-sparing effect of Losartan, taking the medication with milk is not recommended, and adherence to the prescribed daily dosing schedule is necessary for optimal therapeutic outcomes.
2. Why has an ACE inhibitor been prescribed following an MI?
- A. “This medication will lower your potassium level.”
- B. “ACE inhibitors have been found to reduce mortality following MI.”
- C. “ACE inhibitors are always prescribed with a beta blocker and calcium channel blocker following an MI.”
- D. “This medication will treat your hypotension.”
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Following a myocardial infarction (MI), ACE inhibitors are commonly prescribed due to their proven benefit in reducing mortality and improving outcomes post-MI. These medications help by decreasing the workload of the heart, preventing remodeling of the heart chambers, and improving survival rates. While ACE inhibitors may have effects on potassium levels, the primary reason for their prescription post-MI is their mortality-reducing properties.
3. A client has a new prescription for alendronate to treat osteoporosis. Which of the following instructions should be included?
- A. Take the medication with food to reduce nausea.
- B. Take the medication first thing in the morning on an empty stomach.
- C. Take the medication with a full glass of milk.
- D. Take the medication with meals.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Alendronate should be taken first thing in the morning on an empty stomach to maximize absorption. Taking it with food, milk, or meals can reduce its effectiveness by impairing absorption. Therefore, advising the client to take it on an empty stomach is crucial for optimal therapeutic outcomes.
4. A client receives a new prescription for NRTIs for HIV treatment. Which statement should the nurse include during teaching about these medications?
- A. These medications work by inhibiting enzymes to prevent HIV replication.
- B. These medications work by preventing protein synthesis within the HIV cell.
- C. These medications work by weakening the cell wall of the HIV virus.
- D. These medications work by blocking HIV entry into cells.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: NRTIs inhibit the enzyme reverse transcriptase, essential for HIV replication. By preventing this process, viral replication is hindered, ultimately reducing the viral load in the body. Option A correctly explains the mechanism of action of NRTIs in treating HIV infection. Choices B, C, and D describe mechanisms of action that do not align with how NRTIs work in HIV treatment. B is incorrect because NRTIs do not target protein synthesis within the HIV cell. C is incorrect as NRTIs do not affect the cell wall of the HIV virus. D is incorrect because NRTIs do not block HIV entry into cells.
5. A client with renal failure and an elevated phosphorus level is prescribed aluminum hydroxide 300 mg PO three times daily. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse inform the client?
- A. Constipation
- B. Metallic taste
- C. Headache
- D. Muscle spasms
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Correct. Aluminum hydroxide is known to cause constipation as a common side effect. Instructing the client about this potential adverse effect is important for their awareness and management. The other options, metallic taste, headache, and muscle spasms, are not typically associated with aluminum hydroxide use. Therefore, the nurse should focus on educating the client about the increased risk of constipation and provide guidance on managing this side effect to improve the client's comfort and treatment adherence.
Similar Questions
Access More Features
ATI RN Basic
$69.99/ 30 days
- 5,000 Questions with answers
- All ATI courses Coverage
- 30 days access
ATI RN Premium
$149.99/ 90 days
- 5,000 Questions with answers
- All ATI courses Coverage
- 30 days access