ATI RN
ATI Capstone Adult Medical Surgical Assessment 1
1. A healthcare professional is preparing a client for a colonoscopy. Which of the following medications should the professional anticipate the provider to prescribe as an anesthetic for the procedure?
- A. Propofol
- B. Pancuronium
- C. Promethazine
- D. Pentoxifylline
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A, Propofol. Propofol is a short-acting anesthetic medication commonly used for procedures like colonoscopies to induce moderate sedation. Pancuronium (Choice B) is a neuromuscular blocking agent used as a paralyzing agent during surgery, not for sedation. Promethazine (Choice C) is an antihistamine often used for nausea and vomiting, not as an anesthetic. Pentoxifylline (Choice D) is a medication used to improve blood flow and is not indicated for anesthesia.
2. While assessing a client with a tracheostomy, a nurse notes that the tracheostomy tube is pulsing with the heartbeat during a pulse check. No other abnormal findings are noted. What action should the nurse take?
- A. Notify the operating room of a potential emergency case.
- B. No action is required at this time; this pulsation can be a normal finding in some clients.
- C. Remove the tracheostomy tube and ventilate the client using a bag-valve-mask.
- D. Stay with the client and ask someone else to contact the provider immediately.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The pulsation of the tracheostomy tube with the heartbeat may indicate a tracheoinnominate artery fistula, which can lead to life-threatening hemorrhage if the artery is breached. In this scenario, as there is no active bleeding yet, the nurse should remain with the client and have another person notify the provider immediately. If the client starts to hemorrhage, the nurse should remove the tracheostomy tube and apply pressure at the bleeding site, preparing the client for urgent surgical intervention.
3. Which nursing diagnosis is a priority for clients with Borderline personality disorder?
- A. Risk for injury
- B. Ineffective individual coping
- C. Altered thought process
- D. Sensory perceptual alteration
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Effective nursing care involves comprehensive assessments that address all aspects of a patient's condition, ensuring that interventions are appropriately targeted and outcomes are optimized.
4. A client has a new prescription for Nitrofurantoin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Take this medication with food.
- B. Avoid dairy products while taking this medication.
- C. Take this medication at bedtime.
- D. Increase your intake of vitamins.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct instruction for a client prescribed Nitrofurantoin is to take the medication with food. Taking Nitrofurantoin with food helps enhance absorption and reduces the risk of gastrointestinal side effects. It is important for the nurse to emphasize this instruction to ensure the client benefits optimally from the medication. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Avoiding dairy products is not specifically required with Nitrofurantoin. Taking the medication at bedtime is not a standard instruction. Increasing vitamin intake is not necessary in relation to Nitrofurantoin therapy.
5. .A nurse is assessing a client who has COPD. The nurse should expect the client's chest to be which of the following shapes?
- A. Pigeon
- B. Funnel
- C. Kyphotic
- D. Barrel
Correct answer: Barrel
Rationale:
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