ATI RN
ATI Capstone Adult Medical Surgical Assessment 2
1. What should a healthcare professional monitor for in a patient with compartment syndrome?
- A. Unrelieved pain, pallor, and pulselessness
- B. Localized redness and swelling
- C. Fever and signs of infection
- D. Loss of deep tendon reflexes
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Unrelieved pain, pallor, and pulselessness are classic signs of compartment syndrome. In this condition, increased pressure within a muscle compartment impairs blood flow, leading to severe pain that is not relieved by usual measures, pallor from decreased blood flow, and pulselessness due to compromised circulation. These signs indicate a medical emergency requiring immediate intervention. Localized redness and swelling (Choice B) are more characteristic of inflammation or infection rather than compartment syndrome. Fever and signs of infection (Choice C) are not typical manifestations of compartment syndrome. Loss of deep tendon reflexes (Choice D) is associated with conditions affecting the nervous system, not compartment syndrome.
2. Which of the following actions will most likely lead to a break in the sterile technique for respiratory isolation?
- A. Opening the patient’s window to the outside environment
- B. Turning on the patient’s room ventilator
- C. Opening the door of the patient’s room leading into the hospital corridor
- D. Failing to wear gloves when administering a bed bath
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Failure to wear gloves during a bed bath can potentially introduce pathogens, compromising the sterile technique necessary for respiratory isolation. Proper hand hygiene and personal protective equipment are crucial to prevent the transmission of infectious agents in such settings.
3. Where would nonpathologic cyanosis normally be present in the newborn shortly after birth?
- A. Feet and hands
- B. Bridge of nose
- C. Circumoral area
- D. Mucous membranes
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Nonpathologic cyanosis in newborns shortly after birth is typically present in the feet and hands, known as acrocyanosis. This is a normal finding due to the immature peripheral circulation in newborns. Cyanosis of the bridge of the nose, circumoral area, and mucous membranes indicates generalized cyanosis, which suggests a potential underlying distress or major abnormality. Therefore, choice A is correct as it describes the expected location for nonpathologic cyanosis in newborns, while choices B, C, and D represent areas associated with abnormal cyanosis.
4. A healthcare provider is reviewing the health history of a client who has a prescription for Propranolol. Which of the following findings should the provider report?
- A. Previous history of thromboembolism
- B. Concurrent use of an antacid
- C. History of bronchial asthma
- D. Recent weight gain
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Propranolol is a nonselective beta-blocker that can cause bronchoconstriction, making it contraindicated for clients with a history of bronchial asthma. Reporting a history of bronchial asthma to the provider is crucial as it would prompt a review of the medication prescription to avoid potential adverse effects and consider alternative treatment options.
5. A father calls the clinic because he found his young daughter squirting Visine eyedrops into her mouth. What is the most appropriate nursing action?
- A. Reassure the father that Visine is harmless.
- B. Direct him to seek immediate medical treatment.
- C. Recommend inducing vomiting with ipecac.
- D. Advise him to dilute Visine by giving his daughter several glasses of water to drink.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Visine is not harmless when ingested, and immediate medical treatment is necessary due to the risk of toxicity. Vomiting should not be induced without medical advice, and dilution with water is not an appropriate treatment.
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