Nursing Elites

1. A nurse is planning to teach a group of older adults about the prevention of osteoporosis. What information should the nurse include in the teaching?

• A. Increase intake of vitamin C
• B. Avoid weight-bearing exercises
• C. Perform weight-bearing exercises
• D. Limit sun exposure

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Perform weight-bearing exercises. Weight-bearing exercises help maintain bone density and reduce the risk of osteoporosis in older adults. Choice A, increasing intake of vitamin C, is not directly related to osteoporosis prevention. Choice B, avoiding weight-bearing exercises, is incorrect as weight-bearing exercises are beneficial for bone health. Choice D, limiting sun exposure, is not a key factor in osteoporosis prevention as moderate sun exposure is important for vitamin D synthesis which is essential for bone health.

2. A nurse in a provider's office is assessing a client who reports a decrease in the effectiveness of their arthritis medication. What factor should the nurse identify as contributing to this decrease?

• A. Increased activity level
• B. Bowel inflammation
• C. Long-term use of the medication
• D. History of dehydration

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Bowel inflammation can reduce the absorption of oral medications, leading to decreased effectiveness. In this case, the decrease in the effectiveness of the arthritis medication could be attributed to impaired absorption due to bowel inflammation. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because increased activity level, long-term use of the medication, and history of dehydration are not directly associated with a decrease in medication effectiveness related to absorption issues.

3. A nurse is planning to administer several medications to a client through a nasogastric (NG) tube. What action should the nurse take?

• A. Dissolve crushed tablet medications in tap water
• B. Administer all medications together
• C. Flush the NG tube with 60 mL of water before each medication
• D. Dissolve medications separately and flush with sterile water

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take when administering medications through a nasogastric (NG) tube is to dissolve medications separately and flush the tube with sterile water. This is important to prevent interactions between medications and ensure accurate administration. Option A is incorrect because tap water may not be sterile and could lead to contamination. Option B is incorrect as it increases the risk of drug interactions and may affect the effectiveness of each medication. Option C is incorrect as 60 mL of water before each medication may not be enough to ensure proper medication delivery and prevent interactions.

4. A nurse is preparing to perform a routine abdominal assessment for a client. Which action should the nurse take?

• A. Palpate the abdomen before auscultation
• B. Inspect the abdomen after palpation
• C. Auscultate before palpation
• D. Start by percussing the abdomen

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is to auscultate before palpation when performing an abdominal assessment. This sequence is crucial to prevent altering bowel sounds. Starting with palpation (Choice A) can lead to false interpretations of bowel sounds due to stimulation of the intestines. Inspecting the abdomen after palpation (Choice B) can also potentially alter the assessment findings. Starting with percussion (Choice D) is not recommended as it should come after auscultation to further assess underlying structures.

5. A nurse is assessing a client who has been receiving intermittent enteral feedings. What should the nurse identify as an intolerance to the feeding?

• A. Nausea
• B. Decreased heart rate
• C. Weight gain
• D. Fever

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Nausea is a common symptom of intolerance to enteral feedings. When a client experiences nausea during enteral feeding, it can indicate issues such as feeding tube placement problems, formula intolerance, or gastroparesis. Nausea can lead to vomiting and further complications if not addressed promptly. Decreased heart rate, weight gain, and fever are not typically associated with intolerance to enteral feedings and would not be the primary indicators for this situation.

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