ATI RN
ATI Exit Exam 2023
1. A client is recovering from an acute myocardial infarction that occurred 3 days ago. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Perform an ECG every 12 hours
- B. Place the client in a supine position while resting
- C. Draw a troponin level every 4 hours
- D. Obtain a cardiac rehabilitation consultation
Correct answer: D
Rationale: After an acute myocardial infarction, it is important to involve the client in cardiac rehabilitation to help them recover and manage their condition effectively. Performing an ECG every 12 hours is not necessary unless there are specific indications for it. Placing the client in a supine position may not be ideal as it can increase venous return, potentially worsening cardiac workload. Drawing troponin levels every 4 hours is excessive and not recommended as troponin levels usually peak within 24-48 hours post-MI and then gradually decline.
2. What is the most effective method for preventing the spread of disease?
- A. Hand hygiene
- B. Vaccination
- C. Quarantine
- D. Use of personal protective equipment
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Hand hygiene is considered the most effective method for preventing the spread of diseases. Regular handwashing with soap and water for at least 20 seconds can help remove germs and reduce the risk of infections. While vaccination, quarantine, and the use of personal protective equipment are also important in disease control, hand hygiene is fundamental and easily accessible for everyone to practice in daily life.
3. What is the best description of resonance?
- A. Sounds created by air-filled structures
- B. Short, high-pitched, and thudding
- C. Moderately loud with a musical quality
- D. Drum-like
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Resonance refers to the quality of sound produced by vibrations that are reinforced by other vibrations of the same frequency. In the context of the human body, resonance is often associated with sounds produced by air-filled structures like the lungs, vocal cords, and resonating cavities. Therefore, the best description of resonance from the given options is 'Sounds created by air-filled structures.' This choice aligns with the concept of resonance as it relates to sound production in the human body. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not specifically relate to the concept of resonance or its association with air-filled structures.
4. What is the term for creating a surgical airway in the front of the neck (cervical region) to remove copious secretions?
- A. Bronchoscopy
- B. Tracheostomy
- C. Thoracentesis
- D. Underwater seal drainage
Correct answer: Tracheostomy
Rationale: Tracheostomy is the process of surgically creating an airway in the front of the neck to aid in breathing or remove secretions from the airway. Bronchoscopy involves visualizing the airways using a scope, not creating an airway. Thoracentesis is the procedure to remove fluid or air from the pleural space around the lungs, not related to creating an airway. Underwater seal drainage is a method used in chest drainage systems to remove air or fluid from the pleural space, not the creation of an airway.
5. What is a common sign of moderate dehydration in children?
- A. Dry mucous membranes
- B. Normal capillary refill
- C. Hyperactive bowel sounds
- D. Edema
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Dry mucous membranes are a common sign of moderate dehydration in children, indicating a loss of bodily fluids. When a child is moderately dehydrated, the mucous membranes in the mouth and nose may appear dry. This condition can occur due to various factors such as vomiting, diarrhea, or inadequate fluid intake. Normal capillary refill (choice B) is not typically associated with dehydration; it is a measure of circulatory status. Hyperactive bowel sounds (choice C) can be present in conditions like gastroenteritis but are not specific to dehydration. Edema (choice D) is the retention of fluid in the body and is not a typical sign of dehydration.
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