ATI RN
ATI Nutrition 2024 NGN Exam
1. A nurse is on a med-surg unit caring for a client who follows the dietary laws of Orthodox Judaism. Which of the following menu selections should the nurse recommend for this client?
- A. Fried catfish
- B. Broiled shrimp
- C. Pork sausage
- D. Grilled vegetables
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Grilled vegetables comply with the dietary laws of Orthodox Judaism, which restrict the consumption of certain animals.
2. A client has been prescribed sertraline (Zoloft) and is receiving education from a healthcare provider. Which statement by the client indicates an accurate understanding of the medication?
- A. I should take this medication at the same time every day.
- B. It may take several weeks for this medication to be effective.
- C. I should take this medication on an empty stomach.
- D. I should avoid eating aged cheeses and processed meats.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Sertraline (Zoloft) may take several weeks to be effective, so it is important for the client to be informed about this timeframe. This medication does not need to be taken on an empty stomach, but it can be taken with or without food. Choice A is a good practice for many medications but not specifically related to sertraline (Zoloft). Choice D is not directly related to sertraline (Zoloft) but pertains to dietary restrictions when taking MAOIs due to potential interactions with tyramine.
3. Which laboratory test would be most important for the nurse to assess when caring for a toddler suspected of having cystic fibrosis?
- A. Liver enzymes
- B. Serum calcium
- C. Sweat chloride test
- D. Urine creatinine
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The sweat chloride test is the primary diagnostic test for cystic fibrosis. Cystic fibrosis is characterized by abnormal transport of chloride and sodium across epithelial cell membranes, leading to increased chloride in sweat. This test is crucial for diagnosing cystic fibrosis in suspected cases. Liver enzymes (Choice A), serum calcium (Choice B), and urine creatinine (Choice D) are not specific tests for cystic fibrosis and would not provide the necessary information for diagnosis in this case.
4. A client is prescribed Omeprazole for managing heartburn. What information should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Take this medication at bedtime.
- B. This medication decreases the production of gastric acid.
- C. Take this medication 2 hours after eating.
- D. This medication can cause hyperkalemia.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. The nurse should educate the client that Omeprazole works by reducing the production of gastric acid through inhibiting the enzyme responsible for its production. This action helps in managing heartburn and related symptoms effectively. Choice A is incorrect because Omeprazole is usually taken before eating. Choice C is incorrect as Omeprazole is typically taken before a meal. Choice D is unrelated to Omeprazole, as it is not associated with causing hyperkalemia.
5. A nurse is assessing a client who has schizophrenia and is taking chlorpromazine. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an adverse effect of the medication?
- A. Weight gain
- B. Dry mouth
- C. Sedation
- D. Diarrhea
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Sedation. Chlorpromazine, an antipsychotic medication, commonly causes sedation as an adverse effect. Weight gain (choice A) is a potential side effect of some antipsychotic medications, but it is not specifically associated with chlorpromazine. Dry mouth (choice B) is a common anticholinergic side effect of many medications but is not a prominent adverse effect of chlorpromazine. Diarrhea (choice D) is not a typical adverse effect of chlorpromazine.
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