ATI RN
ATI Comprehensive Exit Exam
1. A client with acute diverticulitis should have which intervention included in the care plan?
- A. Administer a cleansing enema.
- B. Initiate a low-fiber diet.
- C. Apply moist heat to the abdomen.
- D. Provide a clear liquid diet.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct intervention for a client with acute diverticulitis is to initiate a low-fiber diet. A low-fiber diet helps manage acute diverticulitis by reducing irritation to the colon, allowing it to heal. Administering a cleansing enema (Choice A) can worsen diverticulitis by increasing pressure within the colon. Applying moist heat to the abdomen (Choice C) may provide comfort but does not address the underlying cause. Providing a clear liquid diet (Choice D) is not ideal for diverticulitis management as it lacks the necessary nutrients for healing and may not provide enough bulk to prevent further irritation.
2. When administering an immunization, which of the following medications should be available?
- A. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
- B. Hydroxyzine (Vistaril)
- C. Physostigmine
- D. Epinephrine
Correct answer: D
Rationale: When administering an immunization, it is essential to have epinephrine available in case of an allergic reaction such as anaphylaxis. Epinephrine is the medication of choice for treating severe allergic reactions due to its ability to reverse the symptoms rapidly. Diphenhydramine and hydroxyzine are antihistamines that can help manage mild allergic reactions but are not the primary medications for severe reactions like anaphylaxis. Physostigmine is not indicated for managing allergic reactions and is used for specific conditions such as anticholinergic toxicity.
3. A new nurse has been assigned a client who is in the hospital to receive iodine-131 treatment. Which action by the nurse is best?
- A. Ensure the client is placed in protective isolation.
- B. Have pregnant visitors stay 6 feet from the client.
- C. No special action is necessary to care for this client.
- D. Read the policy on handling radioactive excreta.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Handling radioactive excreta requires special precautions; the nurse must be familiar with the facility's policies.
4. Can fluid retention cause lab values to be deceptively high, whereas dehydration may cause the values to be deceptively low?
- A. True
- B. False
- C. Not always
- D. Sometimes
Correct answer: B: False
Rationale: The statement is incorrect. Fluid retention generally results in lab values appearing deceptively low, not high, because the excess fluid dilutes the concentration of substances in the blood. Conversely, dehydration can make lab values appear deceptively high as the reduced fluid volume in the body means substances in the blood are less diluted. Choices 'C: Not always' and 'D: Sometimes' are not specific and do not directly address the statement in the question, hence they are incorrect.
5. Michael, a 42 y.o. man is admitted to the med-surg floor with a diagnosis of acute pancreatitis. His BP is 136/76, pulse 96, Resps 22 and temp 101. His past history includes hyperlipidemia and alcohol abuse. The doctor prescribes an NG tube. Before inserting the tube, you explain the purpose to patient. Which of the following is a most accurate explanation?
- A. It empties the stomach of fluids and gas.
- B. It prevents spasms at the sphincter of Oddi.
- C. It prevents air from forming in the small intestine and large intestine.
- D. It removes bile from the gallbladder.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Explain to the patient that the NG tube is used to empty the stomach of fluids and gas, which helps relieve symptoms of acute pancreatitis.
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