Nursing Elites

1. During the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury, what intervention should be included in the plan of care for a child?

• A. Administer a loop diuretic.
• B. Provide a low-sodium diet.
• C. Weigh the child weekly.
• D. Provide a high-protein diet.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: During the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury, the priority is managing fluid balance. Administering a loop diuretic is crucial to promote diuresis and reduce fluid retention, aiding in managing the condition effectively. Providing a low-sodium diet may be beneficial but is not the priority intervention during this phase. Weighing the child weekly is important for monitoring overall health but does not directly address the oliguric phase. Providing a high-protein diet is not typically recommended in acute kidney injury, especially during the oliguric phase, as it can put additional stress on the kidneys.

2. A healthcare professional is reviewing the laboratory report of an infant who is receiving treatment for severe dehydration. The professional should identify which of the following laboratory values indicates effectiveness of the current treatment?

• A. Potassium 2.9 mEq/L
• B. Sodium 140 mEq/L
• C. Urine specific gravity 1.035
• D. BUN 25 mg/dL

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A sodium level of 140 mEq/L within the expected reference range indicates effective treatment for dehydration. In dehydration, sodium levels are often elevated, so a normal sodium level suggests that the treatment is helping to restore the electrolyte balance in the infant's body.

3. What is the recommended sleep duration for 14-17-year-olds?

• A. 14-17 hours
• B. 8-10 hours
• C. 12-15 hours
• D. 9-11 hours

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The recommended sleep duration for adolescents aged 14-17 is 8-10 hours to promote optimal health. Getting enough sleep is crucial for their physical and mental well-being, as it supports growth, development, learning, and overall health.

4. The therapist engages a teen in a game of cards to improve his hand skills for schoolwork. Which statement best reflects this session?

• A. Playfulness as an approach
• B. Play as an occupation
• C. Play as a tool
• D. Play as a reward

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Play as a tool.' In this session, the therapist is using play as a tool to integrate therapeutic goals into a playful activity, which helps engage the teen and improve specific skills, in this case, hand skills for schoolwork.

5. Which clinical manifestation should a nurse monitor for when assessing a pediatric client diagnosed with a basilar skull fracture?

• A. Periorbital ecchymosis
• B. Subdural hematoma
• C. Protruding bone
• D. Epidural hematoma

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Periorbital ecchymosis, also known as raccoon eyes, is a classic sign of a basilar skull fracture. It presents as bruising around the eyes due to blood collecting in the tissues. Monitoring for periorbital ecchymosis is crucial in assessing a pediatric client with a basilar skull fracture because it can indicate the presence of this serious injury.

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