ATI RN
Nutrition ATI Test
1. After cleaning the abrasions and applying antiseptic, the nurse applies a cold compress to the swollen ankle as ordered by the physician. This statement shows that the nurse has a correct understanding of the use of a cold compress:
- A. Cold compress reduces blood viscosity in the affected area
- B. It is safer to apply than a hot compress
- C. Cold compress prevents edema and reduces pain
- D. It eliminates toxic waste products due to vasodilation
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct understanding of using a cold compress includes knowing that it helps prevent edema and reduces pain. Cold application constricts blood vessels, reducing blood flow to the area, which helps decrease swelling and pain. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because cold compresses do not directly affect blood viscosity, safety compared to hot compresses, or eliminate toxic waste products due to vasodilation. It is essential for nurses to have a clear understanding of the rationale behind interventions to provide effective patient care.
2. In the hospital, when you need the medical record of a discharged patient for research you will request permission through:
- A. Doctor in charge
- B. The hospital director
- C. The nursing service
- D. Medical records section
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Effective nursing care involves comprehensive assessments that address all aspects of a patient's condition, ensuring that interventions are appropriately targeted and outcomes are optimized.
3. James wants to know the recommended intake for iron for his gender and age. Which of the following would provide the best answer for James?
- A. EAR
- B. UL
- C. RDA
- D. DV
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) is the correct answer for James because it provides the daily intake level that meets the nutrient needs of most healthy individuals in a specific age and gender group. Choice A, EAR (Estimated Average Requirement), represents the average daily nutrient intake level estimated to meet the requirement of half the healthy individuals in a particular life stage and gender group. Choice B, UL (Tolerable Upper Intake Level), is the maximum daily intake unlikely to cause adverse health effects. Choice D, DV (Daily Value), is a general guide used for food labeling that represents how much a nutrient in a serving of food contributes to a daily diet based on a 2000-calorie daily intake.
4. A nurse is planning to teach a client about a low-potassium diet. Which of the following foods should the nurse instruct the client to avoid?
- A. Butter
- B. Poultry
- C. Yogurt
- D. Orange juice
Correct answer: D: Orange juice
Rationale: Orange juice is high in potassium and should be avoided in a low-potassium diet. Butter, poultry, and yogurt are low-potassium food choices and can be included in a low-potassium diet. Poultry is a good source of lean protein, yogurt is a good source of calcium and protein, and butter is low in potassium. Therefore, the nurse should instruct the client to avoid orange juice as it is high in potassium, which is not suitable for a low-potassium diet.
5. Which of the following is a normal change observed in an elderly individual?
- A. Enhanced sense of taste
- B. Increased appetite
- C. Frequent urination
- D. Lens thinning
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, frequent urination. As people age, they may experience physiological changes that can lead to an increased frequency of urination. This is due to a decrease in bladder capacity and increased bladder irritability, which are normal age-related changes. On the contrary, the sense of taste (Choice A) and appetite (Choice B) often decrease with age, not increase. As for Choice D, the lens of the eye actually thickens with age, not thins, leading to conditions like presbyopia. Therefore, Choices A, B, and D are incorrect.