Nursing Elites

1. After cleaning the abrasions and applying antiseptic, the nurse applies a cold compress to the swollen ankle as ordered by the physician. This statement shows that the nurse has a correct understanding of the use of a cold compress:

• A. Cold compress reduces blood viscosity in the affected area
• B. It is safer to apply than a hot compress
• C. Cold compress prevents edema and reduces pain
• D. It eliminates toxic waste products due to vasodilation

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct understanding of using a cold compress includes knowing that it helps prevent edema and reduces pain. Cold application constricts blood vessels, reducing blood flow to the area, which helps decrease swelling and pain. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because cold compresses do not directly affect blood viscosity, safety compared to hot compresses, or eliminate toxic waste products due to vasodilation. It is essential for nurses to have a clear understanding of the rationale behind interventions to provide effective patient care.

2. Which lipid contains 3 fatty acids?

• A. cholesterol
• B. phospholipid
• C. saturated
• D. triglyceride

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is 'D. triglyceride.' Triglycerides are composed of one glycerol molecule and three fatty acids, making them the primary form of stored fat in the body. Cholesterol (A) is a different type of lipid, phospholipids (B) have two fatty acids, and 'saturated' (C) refers to the structure of fatty acids, not a specific lipid containing 3 fatty acids.

3. Ms. ANA had a car accident where he lost her boyfriend. As a result, she became passive and submissive. The nurse knows that the type of crisis Ms. ANA is experiencing is:

• A. Developmental crisis
• B. Maturational crisis
• C. Situational crisis
• D. Social Crisis

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.

4. The nurse understands that one of these factors contributes to constipation:

• A. excessive exercise
• B. high fiber diet
• C. no regular time for defecation daily
• D. prolonged use of laxatives

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Patient safety and efficacy of care depend on actions rooted in established nursing protocols that consider both the immediate and long-term needs of the patient.

5. Which food is recommended for someone with lactose intolerance?

• A. Skim milk
• B. Cheese
• C. Lactose-free yogurt
• D. Whole milk

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Lactose-free yogurt is suitable for individuals with lactose intolerance as it has reduced lactose content.

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