Nursing Elites

1. What is the primary function of a written nursing care plan?

• A. Evaluates whether nursing care goals have been achieved
• B. Ensures the provision of quality nursing care
• C. Assists in selecting the appropriate nursing interventions
• D. Facilitates the creation of a nursing diagnosis

Correct answer: D

Rationale: A written nursing care plan fundamentally serves to facilitate the development of a nursing diagnosis. This procedure involves analyzing patient data and identifying health problems that nurses can address independently. This analysis then aids in determining the most appropriate nursing interventions for the identified health issues. Although evaluating the achievement of nursing care goals is an important aspect, it is not the primary function of a nursing care plan. Similarly, while delivering quality nursing care is crucial, it is a broader concept that includes many other facets beyond just the initial nursing diagnosis and interventions.

2. Which change during pregnancy is related to the slowing of the gastrointestinal tract?

• A. Diarrhea
• B. Constipation
• C. Decreased absorption of iron
• D. Decreased absorption of calcium

Correct answer: B

Rationale: During pregnancy, the gastrointestinal tract tends to slow down, leading to constipation. This is due to hormonal changes that relax the intestinal muscles, allowing more time for nutrient absorption and ultimately leading to constipation. Diarrhea is not typically associated with the slowing of the gastrointestinal tract during pregnancy. Decreased absorption of iron and calcium may occur during pregnancy due to increased demands, but they are not directly related to the slowing of the gastrointestinal tract.

3. Given that orthodontic patients are frequently adolescents, their nutrition and oral self-care are often subpar. A dental hygienist may successfully motivate these noncompliant patients by emphasizing that optimal nutrition and oral self-care can enhance their appearance. Is this true or false?

• A. Both statements are true
• B. Both statements are false
• C. The first statement is true; the second is false
• D. The first statement is false; the second is true

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Both statements are indeed true. Many adolescents undergoing orthodontic treatment often neglect proper nutrition and oral hygiene, leading to subpar practices in these areas. It's common for them to be less attentive to these aspects due to various factors. A dental hygienist's role includes motivating these patients towards better self-care practices. One effective approach is by emphasizing that good nutrition and oral hygiene can significantly enhance their appearance. This approach is particularly effective for adolescents as they are often highly conscious about their looks. The other choices are incorrect because they suggest that one or both of the statements are false, which is not the case.

4. What is the primary food safety concern for a patient undergoing chemotherapy?

• A. Possible food allergy reactions
• B. Possible food-drug interactions
• C. Possible pesticide residue
• D. Potential risk of foodborne illness

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Potential risk of foodborne illness. Patients undergoing chemotherapy have compromised immune systems, making them more susceptible to foodborne illnesses. Chemotherapy can reduce the count of white blood cells, which impairs the body's ability to fight off infections from bacteria or other pathogens that might be present in food. Therefore, the prevention of foodborne illnesses is a critical concern for these patients. Choices A, B, and C, while they represent valid concerns for food safety in general, are not the primary concern for patients undergoing chemotherapy. These patients are at a heightened risk of experiencing severe complications from foodborne illnesses, making it a more significant concern than potential food allergies, food-drug interactions, or pesticide residues.

5. Why do older adult female clients need less iron than younger adult female clients?

• A. The need for iron decreases because older female clients produce more red blood cells.
• B. The need for iron decreases with age because older female clients carry oxygen more efficiently.
• C. The need for iron decreases with age because older female clients experience menopause.
• D. The need for iron decreases with age because older female clients exercise more.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Older adult female clients need less iron than younger adult female clients because as women go through menopause, they no longer lose blood through menstruation, leading to a reduced need for iron. Choice A is incorrect because producing more red blood cells does not directly correlate with needing less iron. Choice B is incorrect as carrying oxygen more efficiently does not necessarily decrease the need for iron. Choice D is incorrect as exercising more does not explain the decreased need for iron in older adult female clients.

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