ATI RN
ATI Nutrition
1. A nurse is educating a group of older adults in a community center on weight management using the BMI scale. Using the client's height and weight to calculate BMI, which of the following clients has a healthy BMI?
- A. A client with a weight of 128 lb and height of 70 inches
- B. A client with a weight of 150 lb and height of 68 inches
- C. A client with a weight of 200 lb and height of 72 inches
- D. A client with a weight of 133 lb and height of 60 inches
Correct answer: A
Rationale: To determine a healthy BMI, we need to calculate it using the formula: BMI = weight (lbs) / height^2 (inches) x 703. For choice A, BMI = 128 / (70 x 70) x 703 = 18.38, which falls within the healthy BMI range of 18.5-24.9. Therefore, choice A is correct. Choices B, C, and D have BMIs of 22.8, 27.1, and 26.1, respectively, which are outside the healthy range. Thus, choices B, C, and D are incorrect.
2. How many calories are contained in a food that has 15 grams of carbohydrates, 4 grams of protein, and 10 grams of fat?
- A. 106
- B. 124
- C. 166
- D. 202
Correct answer: C
Rationale: To calculate the total calories in a food item, you can use the following conversions: every 1 gram of carbohydrate provides 4 calories, 1 gram of protein provides 4 calories, and 1 gram of fat provides 9 calories. Therefore, for this food item, multiply 15 grams of carbohydrates by 4 calories/gram, 4 grams of protein by 4 calories/gram, and 10 grams of fat by 9 calories/gram. The calculation would be (15 * 4) + (4 * 4) + (10 * 9) = 60 + 16 + 90 = 166 calories. Choice A (106) is incorrect because it does not consider the calories from fat. Choice B (124) is incorrect as it underestimates the calories by not including all macronutrients. Choice D (202) is incorrect as it overestimates the calories by adding up the values incorrectly.
3. What is the glomerular filtration rate for patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD)?
- A. Less than 15 mL/min/1.73 m�
- B. Less than 30 mL/min/1.73 m�
- C. Less than 90 mL/min/1.73 m�
- D. Less than 125 mL/min/1.73 m�
Correct answer: A
Rationale: In patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD), also known as end-stage renal disease, the kidney function is significantly compromised. This severe condition is characterized by a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of less than 15 mL/min/1.73 m�, as correctly stated in choice A. Choices B, C, and D suggest higher GFR values, which are not indicative of stage 5 CKD. Specifically, a GFR of less than 30 mL/min/1.73 m� indicates stage 4 CKD, less than 90 mL/min/1.73 m� signifies stage 3 CKD, and a typical healthy individual usually has a GFR of around 125 mL/min/1.73 m�, which is far above the GFR for stage 5 CKD.
4. Which of the following groups of vitamins are fat-soluble?
- A. vitamins B and C
- B. vitamins A and C
- C. vitamins B, E, K, D
- D. vitamins A, E, K, D
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: vitamins A, E, K, and D. Fat-soluble vitamins are absorbed along with fats in the diet and can be stored in the body's fatty tissue. Vitamins B and C are water-soluble vitamins and are not stored in the body; any excess amounts are usually excreted in the urine. Therefore, choices A, B, and C are incorrect.
5. Clients may benefit from slightly higher fat intakes than are normally recommended if they have:
- A. congestive heart failure
- B. cerebrovascular accident
- C. peripheral vascular disease
- D. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Correct answer: D
Rationale: In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), higher fat intake can be beneficial because it provides more calories with less respiratory burden compared to carbohydrates. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because congestive heart failure, cerebrovascular accident, and peripheral vascular disease do not specifically benefit from higher fat intakes as in COPD.
Similar Questions
Access More Features
ATI RN Basic
$69.99/ 30 days
- 5,000 Questions with answers
- All ATI courses Coverage
- 30 days access
ATI RN Premium
$149.99/ 90 days
- 5,000 Questions with answers
- All ATI courses Coverage
- 30 days access