ATI RN
Pathophysiology Exam 1 Quizlet
1. A nurse is caring for a client with a newly inserted pacemaker. What is the most important nursing action post-procedure?
- A. Monitor the insertion site for signs of infection.
- B. Educate the client about activity restrictions.
- C. Monitor the client's heart rate and rhythm.
- D. Assess the client's lung sounds for signs of fluid overload.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Post-procedure, monitoring the insertion site for signs of infection is crucial because it helps in early detection of any potential complications such as infection. While educating the client about activity restrictions, monitoring the client's heart rate and rhythm, and assessing lung sounds for signs of fluid overload are important aspects of care, the immediate priority post-procedure is to prevent infection at the insertion site, which could lead to serious complications.
2. A client has a new prescription for Clonidine. What instruction should the nurse include during teaching?
- A. Take the medication with food.
- B. Expect to feel drowsy or lightheaded.
- C. Increase your fluid intake.
- D. Avoid foods high in fat.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct instruction when teaching a client about Clonidine is to expect to feel drowsy or lightheaded. Clonidine can cause these side effects, especially when starting the medication. The nurse should advise the client to avoid activities that require alertness until they understand how the medication affects them. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because taking Clonidine with food, increasing fluid intake, or avoiding foods high in fat are not specific instructions related to managing the side effects of Clonidine.
3. A nurse is providing care to a patient who has just received a diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). What is the priority nursing diagnosis for this patient?
- A. Risk for bleeding
- B. Risk for infection
- C. Impaired gas exchange
- D. Imbalanced nutrition
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Risk for infection is a high priority due to the patient's compromised immune system from AML.
4. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new diagnosis of osteoporosis and is prescribed alendronate. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Take this medication with food.
- B. Take this medication with a full glass of water after meals.
- C. Take this medication on an empty stomach with a full glass of water.
- D. You can take this medication at any time of day.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Correct Answer: C. Alendronate should be taken on an empty stomach with a full glass of water to ensure proper absorption. Choice A is incorrect because alendronate should not be taken with food. Choice B is incorrect because alendronate should be taken on an empty stomach, not after meals. Choice D is incorrect because alendronate should be taken at a specific time following the instructions given.
5. A client is starting Simvastatin. Which of the following information should be included in the teaching?
- A. Take this medication in the evening.
- B. Change positions slowly when rising from a chair.
- C. Maintain a steady intake of green leafy vegetables.
- D. Consume no more than 1 L/day of fluid.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to take simvastatin in the evening. This timing is recommended because nighttime is when the most cholesterol is synthesized in the body. By taking statin medications in the evening, it can enhance their effectiveness in reducing cholesterol levels.
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