ATI RN
ATI Exit Exam 2023
1. A client is receiving brachytherapy for the treatment of prostate cancer. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Cleanse equipment before removal from the client's room
- B. Limit the client's visitors to 30 minutes per day
- C. Discard the client's linens in a double bag
- D. Discard the radioactive source in a biohazard bag
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct action the nurse should take when caring for a client receiving brachytherapy is to limit the client's visitors to 30 minutes per day. This is crucial to reduce exposure to radiation and maintain safety during the brachytherapy procedure. Cleansing equipment before removal from the client's room may be important for infection control but is not directly related to brachytherapy procedures. Discarding the client's linens in a double bag and discarding the radioactive source in a biohazard bag are incorrect choices as they do not specifically address the safety measures needed during brachytherapy for prostate cancer.
2. Peripheral vasodilation results in heat loss through which of the following processes?
- A. conduction
- B. convection
- C. radiation
- D. evaporation
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Peripheral vasodilation is the widening of blood vessels near the surface of the skin, allowing more blood to flow near the skin's surface. This process enhances heat loss primarily through radiation. Radiation is the transfer of heat energy in the form of electromagnetic waves. Conduction involves direct contact between objects, convection involves the transfer of heat through fluid or gas, and evaporation involves the phase change of a liquid to a gas, which cools the surface.
3. Instruction on health promotion regarding urinary elimination is important. Which would you include?
- A. Hold urine as long as possible before emptying the bladder to strengthen the sphincter muscles
- B. If a burning sensation is experienced while voiding, drink water
- C. After urination, wipe from the anal area towards the pubis
- D. Tell the client to empty the bladder at each voiding
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is to instruct the client to empty the bladder at each voiding. This is essential to prevent urinary retention and reduce the risk of urinary tract infections. Choice A is incorrect because holding urine for prolonged periods can lead to urinary retention and increase the risk of infections. Choice B is incorrect as pineapple juice can exacerbate a burning sensation due to its acidity; the correct approach is to drink water to dilute the urine. Choice C is incorrect as wiping from the anal area towards the pubis can introduce bacteria into the urinary tract, potentially causing infections.
4. A nurse is caring for four clients. The nurse should plan to administer total parenteral nutrition for which of the following clients?
- A. A client who is postoperative following a laminectomy and is receiving IV PCA
- B. A client who has dysphagia and does not recognize his family
- C. A client who has COPD and is going home with oxygen
- D. A client who has colon cancer and will undergo a hemicolectomy
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is essential for clients undergoing significant surgical procedures like a hemicolectomy to ensure they receive adequate nutrition when oral intake is not possible. Choices A, B, and C do not typically require TPN. Choice A is managing postoperative pain with IV PCA, choice B is likely to need alternative feeding methods due to dysphagia, and choice C is going home with oxygen for COPD management, which does not directly relate to the need for TPN.
5. When teaching a client with schizophrenia strategies to cope with anticholinergic effects of Fluphenazine, which of the following should the nurse suggest to minimize anticholinergic effects?
- A. Take the medication in the morning to prevent insomnia.
- B. Chew sugarless gum to moisten the mouth.
- C. Use cooling measures to decrease fever.
- D. Take an antacid to relieve nausea.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Chew sugarless gum to moisten the mouth.' Chewing sugarless gum can help alleviate dry mouth, which is a common anticholinergic effect of Fluphenazine. Dry mouth can be uncomfortable and affect the client's oral health. Options A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not directly address anticholinergic effects. Taking the medication in the morning to prevent insomnia (Option A) is unrelated to anticholinergic effects. Using cooling measures to decrease fever (Option C) is not a common anticholinergic effect of Fluphenazine. Taking an antacid to relieve nausea (Option D) does not specifically target anticholinergic effects.
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