ATI RN
ATI RN Exit Exam
1. A nurse is caring for a client who is 1 day postoperative following a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
- A. Urine output of 30 mL/hr
- B. Pink-tinged urine
- C. Small blood clots in the urine
- D. Blood pressure of 114/78 mm Hg
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The presence of small blood clots in the urine is an expected finding after a TURP due to the surgical manipulation of the prostate bed and the bladder. However, larger clots can indicate excessive bleeding and should be reported promptly. Urine output of 30 mL/hr is within the expected range for post-TURP clients, indicating adequate kidney perfusion. Pink-tinged urine is also normal after a TURP due to minor bleeding from the surgical site. A blood pressure of 114/78 mm Hg is within normal limits and does not require immediate reporting.
2. Which food is a reliable source of B12 for a pregnant vegan client?
- A. Soybeans
- B. Algae
- C. Fortified soy milk
- D. Sea vegetables
Correct answer: C: Fortified soy milk
Rationale: Fortified soy milk is a reliable source of vitamin B12 for pregnant vegan clients as it is usually enriched with this vitamin. The other options, while nutritious, are not reliable sources of B12 for vegans. Soybeans may not provide enough B12, algae contains B12 analogs that the human body cannot utilize, and the B12 content in sea vegetables can fluctuate, potentially not providing the necessary daily intake.
3. A client has a new prescription for Aspirin for the prevention of myocardial infarction. Which of the following findings should be identified as an adverse effect?
- A. Nausea
- B. Bruising
- C. Dizziness
- D. Dry mouth
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Bruising is an adverse effect to be monitored when a client is prescribed Aspirin for the prevention of myocardial infarction due to its association with increased bleeding risk. Aspirin's antiplatelet effect can lead to bruising and other signs of bleeding, necessitating close observation to prevent complications. Nausea, dizziness, and dry mouth are not typically recognized adverse effects of Aspirin therapy for myocardial infarction prevention.
4. Which of the following is an example of a non-communicable disease?
- A. Tuberculosis
- B. Malaria
- C. Cancer
- D. Heart disease
Correct answer: C
Rationale: A non-communicable disease is a medical condition or disease that is not caused by infectious agents and cannot be transmitted from person to person. Cancer fits this definition as it is a non-communicable disease that typically arises from genetic mutations or environmental factors, rather than being contagious like tuberculosis or malaria.
5. A client tests positive for alpha1-antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency and asks the nurse, What does this mean? How should the nurse respond?
- A. Your children may be at high risk for developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
- B. I will arrange for a genetic counselor to discuss your condition.
- C. Your risk for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is higher, particularly if you smoke.
- D. This is a recessive gene that should not affect your health.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Alpha1-antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency is associated with a higher risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), especially if the individual smokes. This condition is caused by a recessive gene. Individuals with one allele typically produce enough AAT to prevent COPD unless they smoke. However, those with two alleles are at high risk for COPD even without exposure to smoke or other irritants. Being a carrier of AAT deficiency does not guarantee that one's children will develop the disease; it depends on the AAT levels of the partner. While involving a genetic counselor may be beneficial in the long run, the immediate concern of the client's question should be addressed first.
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