ATI RN
ATI Capstone Adult Medical Surgical Assessment 1
1. A nurse is caring for a client who has increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Which of the following interventions should the nurse implement?
- A. Place several pillows behind the client's head
- B. Place the client in a Sim's position
- C. Keep the client's neck in a midline position
- D. Maintain flexion of the client's hips at a 90° angle
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Keeping the client's neck in a midline position is crucial for managing increased intracranial pressure. This position helps optimize blood flow and minimizes the risk of further increasing ICP. Placing several pillows behind the client's head (Choice A) may inadvertently elevate the head, potentially worsening ICP. Placing the client in a Sim's position (Choice B) or maintaining flexion of the client's hips at a 90° angle (Choice D) are not directly related to managing increased ICP.
2. A parent of a school-age child is receiving discharge teaching following a cardiac catheterization. Which of the following instructions should be included by the nurse?
- A. Allow the child to bathe 6 hours after the procedure.
- B. Keep the child on bed rest for 12 hours.
- C. Maintain a pressure dressing on the site for 8 hours.
- D. Resume regular activities the day after the procedure.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct instruction that the nurse should include is to keep the child on bed rest for 12 hours following a cardiac catheterization. This is important to prevent bleeding at the insertion site and ensure proper healing. Allowing the child to bathe soon after the procedure, maintaining a pressure dressing for only 8 hours, or resuming regular activities the day after the procedure can increase the risk of complications such as bleeding or infection.
3. A client is receiving treatment with etoposide. Which of the following findings should the nurse monitor?
- A. Hypotension
- B. Hyperkalemia
- C. Hyperglycemia
- D. Hypertension
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Etoposide, a chemotherapeutic agent, commonly causes hypotension as an adverse effect. It is crucial for the nurse to monitor the client for signs of hypotension, such as dizziness, lightheadedness, or a drop in blood pressure, to promptly intervene and prevent complications.
4. What is the most crucial factor in determining the health of a community?
- A. Access to health care services
- B. Socioeconomic status
- C. Environmental quality
- D. Genetic predisposition
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Socioeconomic status plays a vital role in determining the health of a community. It affects access to resources, education, employment opportunities, housing, and healthcare services. Individuals with higher socioeconomic status generally have better health outcomes due to their ability to afford healthier lifestyle choices, quality healthcare, and living environments. In contrast, individuals with lower socioeconomic status may face barriers to accessing essential healthcare services, nutritious food, safe housing, and education, leading to poorer health outcomes. Therefore, addressing socioeconomic disparities is crucial in promoting community health and well-being.
5. Does alcohol contain energy and is therefore a nutrient?
- A. True
- B. False
- C.
- D.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Alcohol does contain energy and provides calories, but it is not considered a nutrient. Nutrients are substances that contribute to essential bodily functions. While alcohol may have energy, it does not provide essential vitamins, minerals, or other nutrients necessary for the body's health. Additionally, excessive alcohol consumption can have harmful effects on the body, further supporting why alcohol is not classified as a nutrient.
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