ATI RN
ATI Comprehensive Exit Exam
1. A nurse is caring for a client who has experienced a stroke and has aphasia. Which of the following communication strategies should the nurse use?
- A. Speak louder to help the client understand
- B. Speak using simple sentences and gestures
- C. Use a picture board to facilitate communication
- D. Have the client practice writing words down
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is to use a picture board to facilitate communication. Aphasia can make it challenging for individuals to understand and use language. Using a picture board can help the client convey their needs and understand information more effectively. Speaking louder (A) may not be helpful as aphasia is not related to hearing loss. While speaking using simple sentences and gestures (B) can be beneficial, using a picture board (C) is a more concrete and visual method to support communication for individuals with aphasia. Having the client practice writing words down (D) may not be suitable if the client's expressive language skills are impaired due to aphasia.
2. In a patient with chronic kidney disease, which dietary modification is recommended?
- A. Increase protein intake
- B. Reduce potassium intake
- C. Increase sodium intake
- D. Reduce fiber intake
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Reducing potassium intake is important for patients with chronic kidney disease to prevent hyperkalemia.
3. What is the role of fat in digestion?
- A. Digest fats in the stomach
- B. Emulsify fats in the small intestine
- C. Transport fats through the circulatory system
- D. Split fats into smaller components
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Emulsify fats in the small intestine. Bile emulsifies fats in the small intestine, breaking them down into smaller droplets that can be more easily digested by enzymes like lipase. Choice A is incorrect as fats are not digested in the stomach but rather in the small intestine. Choice C is incorrect as fats are transported through the lymphatic system instead of the circulatory system. Choice D is incorrect as fats are broken down into smaller components through emulsification, not splitting.
4. A client has a new prescription for lisinopril. Which of the following statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I should take this medication with food
- B. I should report a cough to my provider
- C. I should expect to have facial swelling when taking this medication
- D. I should increase my intake of potassium-rich foods
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Reporting a cough is crucial when taking lisinopril as it can be a sign of a serious side effect, such as angioedema or cough associated with ACE inhibitors. Option A is incorrect because lisinopril can be taken with or without food. Option C is incorrect as facial swelling is not an expected side effect of lisinopril. Option D is incorrect because lisinopril can cause hyperkalemia, so increasing potassium-rich foods without healthcare provider guidance can be dangerous.
5. What is the treatment for patients with hemophilia A?
- A. Chemotherapy
- B. Factor VIII replacement
- C. Heparin administration
- D. Bone marrow transplant
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct treatment for patients with hemophilia A is Factor VIII replacement. Hemophilia A is a genetic disorder where there is a deficiency in clotting factor VIII. Therefore, replacing this factor is crucial in managing and preventing bleeding episodes. Choice A, chemotherapy, is not the correct treatment for hemophilia A. Choice C, heparin administration, is not recommended as it can further increase the risk of bleeding in patients with hemophilia. Choice D, bone marrow transplant, is not a standard treatment for hemophilia A.
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