ATI RN
ATI Exit Exam 180 Questions Quizlet
1. A nurse is caring for a client who has a chest tube following thoracic surgery. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Clamp the chest tube when assisting the client out of bed.
- B. Empty the drainage system every 8 hours.
- C. Keep the collection device below the client's chest.
- D. Strip the chest tube every 4 hours.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take is to keep the collection device below the client's chest. This positioning ensures proper drainage of fluid from the chest, preventing backflow of fluids. Clamping the chest tube when assisting the client out of bed is incorrect as it can lead to fluid accumulation and potential complications. Emptying the drainage system every 8 hours is necessary but not the priority over maintaining proper positioning. Stripping the chest tube every 4 hours is an outdated practice and can cause damage to the tissue and should be avoided.
2. Maintaining a stable internal environment typically requires
- A. positive feedback mechanisms.
- B. an unstable outside environment.
- C. decreased atmospheric pressure.
- D. negative feedback mechanisms.
Correct answer: negative feedback mechanisms.
Rationale: The correct answer is 'negative feedback mechanisms.' In biological systems, negative feedback mechanisms help maintain homeostasis by counteracting any deviations from the set point. They work to stabilize internal conditions and keep them within a narrow range. On the other hand, positive feedback mechanisms amplify changes and are not involved in maintaining stability. Choice B, 'an unstable outside environment,' is incorrect as internal stability is independent of external conditions like weather. Choice C, 'decreased atmospheric pressure,' is also incorrect as it does not directly relate to internal homeostasis.
3. What factor is most likely to enhance the effectiveness of health education?
- A. Using culturally relevant materials
- B. Using medical jargon
- C. Providing lengthy written materials
- D. Distributing generic brochures
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The most effective factor to enhance health education is using culturally relevant materials. This approach makes the information more accessible and relatable to the target audience, leading to better understanding and engagement.
4. Each statement is true of swallowing and processing food, except one. Which is the exception?
- A. The swallowing reflex moves a bolus into the esophagus
- B. A bolus is a mass of food
- C. The bolus is transported to the stomach by osmosis and gravity
- D. The bolus penetrates the diaphragm through the esophageal hiatus
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. The bolus is not transported to the stomach by osmosis and gravity, but by peristalsis. Peristalsis is the involuntary constriction and relaxation of muscles to push the bolus through the digestive system. Choices A, B, and D are correct statements. A bolus is indeed a mass of food, the swallowing reflex does move the bolus into the esophagus, and the bolus does not penetrate the diaphragm through the esophageal hiatus; instead, it enters the stomach through the lower esophageal sphincter.
5. A client has a new prescription for Furosemide. What instruction should be included by the nurse during discharge?
- A. Take the medication at bedtime.
- B. Increase intake of foods high in potassium.
- C. Avoid sun exposure.
- D. Limit fluid intake.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to instruct the client to increase intake of foods high in potassium. Furosemide, a loop diuretic, can lead to potassium depletion. Increasing the intake of foods rich in potassium can help prevent hypokalemia, a potential side effect of Furosemide. Choice A is incorrect as Furosemide is usually recommended to be taken in the morning to avoid disrupting sleep with frequent urination. Choice C is irrelevant to the medication. Choice D is also incorrect as Furosemide is a diuretic and may require increased, not limited, fluid intake to prevent dehydration.
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