Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following terms refers to weakness of both legs and the lower part of the trunk?

• A. Paraparesis
• B. Hemiplegia
• C. Quadriparesis
• D. Paraplegia

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.

2. A nurse is providing dietary teaching for a client who has a burn injury and adheres to a vegan diet. The nurse should recommend which of the following foods as the best source of protein to promote wound healing?

• A. One cup of brown rice
• B. One cup of orange juice
• C. One cup of pureed avocado
• D. One cup of lentils

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Lentils are an excellent source of plant-based protein, essential for wound healing in a vegan diet. Brown rice, orange juice, and pureed avocado are not protein-rich foods like lentils and would not provide sufficient protein for wound healing in this scenario.

3. A nurse is caring for an older adult client who reports difficulty chewing due to ill-fitting dentures. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend for the client?

• A. Dried fruit
• B. Roast beef
• C. Tuna fish
• D. Apple slices

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Tuna fish. Tuna fish is a soft and easy-to-chew option, suitable for clients with ill-fitting dentures. Dried fruit (choice A) can be tough to chew and may stick to the dentures, causing discomfort. Roast beef (choice B) requires significant chewing effort and may not be suitable for someone with difficulty chewing. Apple slices (choice D) are crunchy and hard, which can be challenging for individuals with ill-fitting dentures.

4. Begins carb digestion in the mouth:

• A. pepsin
• B. salivary amylase
• C. CCK
• D. secretin

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Salivary amylase is the enzyme that begins the digestion of carbohydrates in the mouth by breaking down starches into simpler sugars.

5. A patient is on a low-sodium diet. Which food item should the patient avoid?

• A. Fresh fruit
• B. Canned soup
• C. Whole grain bread
• D. Grilled chicken

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Canned soup. Canned soup is commonly high in sodium content, which is not suitable for a patient on a low-sodium diet. Fresh fruit, whole grain bread, and grilled chicken typically have lower sodium levels and can be included in a low-sodium diet. Therefore, the patient should avoid canned soup to adhere to the requirements of a low-sodium diet.

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