ATI RN
ATI Fluid Electrolyte and Acid-Base Regulation
1. A nurse is assessing a client who has acute pancreatitis and is at risk for an acid-base imbalance. For which manifestation of this acid-base imbalance should the nurse assess?
- A. Agitation
- B. Kussmaul respirations
- C. Seizures
- D. Positive Chvosteks sign
Correct answer: Kussmaul respirations
Rationale:
2. Which of the following is an example of a sentinel event in healthcare?
- A. A patient falling in the hospital without injury
- B. A near-miss medication error
- C. An unexpected patient death unrelated to the natural course of illness
- D. A patient developing an infection during a hospital stay
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. A sentinel event in healthcare is an unexpected patient death unrelated to the natural course of illness. These events are serious occurrences that warrant immediate investigation and response to prevent their recurrence and ensure patient safety. Choices A, B, and D do not fit the definition of a sentinel event. While choices A, B, and D are serious incidents, they do not involve an unexpected patient death unrelated to the natural course of illness, which is the defining characteristic of a sentinel event.
3. Which best describes the social determinants of health?
- A. Factors such as genetics and individual behavior
- B. Conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work, and age
- C. Availability of health services and technology
- D. Access to health care services
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The social determinants of health refer to the conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work, and age, impacting their health outcomes. These factors include social, economic, and environmental influences that play a crucial role in shaping health disparities and overall well-being.
4. The nurse is planning to provide education about foods containing thiamine to a group of clients. Which food high in thiamine should the nurse include?
- A. Fish
- B. Pork
- C. Beef
- D. Eggs
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Pork. Pork is high in thiamine, which is important for preventing thiamine deficiency. Thiamine, also known as Vitamin B1, is essential for the body's metabolism and proper functioning of the nervous system. While fish, beef, and eggs are nutritious foods, they do not contain as high levels of thiamine as pork does. Therefore, when educating clients about thiamine-rich foods, pork would be the most appropriate choice.
5. A client has a new prescription for Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B12) injections. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I will need to take this medication for the rest of my life.
- B. I will stop taking the medication when my symptoms improve.
- C. I should take this medication with food.
- D. I will need to avoid green, leafy vegetables while taking this medication.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Clients with pernicious anemia or other causes of vitamin B12 deficiency may need to take cyanocobalamin for life to prevent deficiency. It is a lifelong treatment in many cases to maintain adequate B12 levels. Choice B is incorrect because stopping the medication when symptoms improve may lead to a relapse of the deficiency. Choice C is incorrect as cyanocobalamin injections are usually administered on an empty stomach. Choice D is incorrect as there is no need to avoid green, leafy vegetables while taking cyanocobalamin; in fact, these vegetables are good dietary sources of vitamin B12.
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