a nurse is assessing a client who has a new onset of confusion which laboratory value should the nurse check first a nurse is assessing a client who has a new onset of confusion which laboratory value should the nurse check first
Logo

Nursing Elites

ATI RN

ATI Medical Surgical Proctored Exam

1. A healthcare professional is assessing a client who has a new onset of confusion. Which laboratory value should the professional check first?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: In a client presenting with a new onset of confusion, checking the blood glucose level first is crucial as hypoglycemia can cause confusion and is easily correctable. Addressing hypoglycemia promptly is essential to prevent further complications.

2. Which condition is characterized by an inability to effectively pump blood, leading to fluid buildup and swelling in the body?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Heart failure is the correct answer. It is a condition where the heart is unable to pump blood effectively, resulting in fluid accumulation and swelling in the body. Cardiomyopathy is a disease of the heart muscle that affects its ability to pump blood but is not the specific condition described in the question. Angina is chest pain or discomfort caused by reduced blood flow to the heart, not directly related to fluid buildup and swelling. Myocarditis is inflammation of the heart muscle and does not necessarily involve the inability to pump blood effectively.

3. Which of the following characteristics best describes differences between bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Individuals with bulimia nervosa may maintain a normal body weight, while anorexia nervosa is often associated with severe underweight. Choice A is incorrect because individuals with anorexia nervosa actually face severe health risks due to malnutrition, electrolyte imbalances, and other complications. Choice C is incorrect as anorexia nervosa is characterized by restriction of food intake rather than binge eating. Choice D is incorrect as individuals with anorexia nervosa can also display compensatory behaviors such as excessive exercise or fasting.

4. A patient is found to have liver disease, resulting in the removal of a lobe of his liver. Adaptation to the reduced size of the liver leads to ___________ of the remaining liver cells.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Compensatory hyperplasia is the process by which the remaining cells increase in number to adapt to the reduced size of the liver. In this case, after the removal of a lobe of the liver, the remaining cells undergo compensatory hyperplasia to compensate for the lost tissue. Metaplasia refers to the reversible change of one cell type to another, not an increase in cell number. Organ atrophy is the decrease in organ size due to cell shrinkage or loss, which is opposite to an increase in cell number seen in compensatory hyperplasia. Physiologic hyperplasia is the increase in cell number in response to a normal physiological demand, not specifically due to the removal of a portion of the organ.

5. The nurse observes that a newborn is having problems after birth. What should indicate a tracheoesophageal fistula?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Excessive frothy saliva is a hallmark sign of tracheoesophageal fistula. The abnormal connection between the esophagus and trachea causes difficulty in swallowing, leading to an accumulation of saliva in the mouth. This symptom is crucial for early identification and management of tracheoesophageal fistula. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they are not specific indicators of tracheoesophageal fistula.

Similar Questions

Poor nutrition results in delayed eruption and exfoliation of deciduous teeth and increased dental caries. Increased caries susceptibility in at-risk children may be related to changes in salivary composition caused by malnutrition.
A child is admitted with suspected pyloric stenosis. Which of the following should be included in the plan of care?
During peacetime, most CONUS hospital military personnel are organized into what type of organization?
Mucosal barrier fortifiers are used in peptic ulcer disease management for which of the following indications?
What is a crucial nursing responsibility when caring for a patient with a central line?

Access More Features

ATI Basic

  • 50,000 Questions with answers
  • All ATI courses Coverage
    • 30 days access @ $69.99

ATI Basic

  • 50,000 Questions with answers
  • All ATI courses Coverage
    • 90 days access @ $149.99